晕厥停飞飞行员椎动脉超声检查结果分析  

Ultrasound examination of vertebral artery of the pilots grounded due to syncope

作　　者：姚克纯[1] 李文秀[1] 郭蕾[1] 吴迪[1] 李利[1] 刘淑萍[1] 邵波[1] 张龙方[1] 刘金花[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院超声科,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2012年第3期192-194,封3,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解因晕厥导致停飞的军事飞行员的椎动脉血流动力学及椎动脉先天发育异常的情况. 方法 回顾性分析近年来66例因晕厥停飞的军事飞行员的椎动脉超声检查结果(停飞组),70例健康体检的飞行员为对照组. 结果 66例因晕厥停飞的飞行员中,37例椎动脉存在异常,其中椎动脉血流流速降低27例；血流量减少32例；椎动脉内径≤3.0 mm者29例,而其中内径≤2.5 mm有5例；走形异常者6例.停飞组椎动脉的各项值均低于对照组,并且除右侧椎动脉内径与对照组无统计学差异外,左侧椎动脉内径、流速和血流量及右侧椎动脉流速和血流量与对照组均存在统计学差异(t=4.048～7.223,P＜0.01)；但停飞组内左右侧椎动脉之间无统计学差异,停飞组飞行员合并颈椎X线摄片改变的比例较高,占45.5％. 结论 因晕厥导致停飞的军事飞行员的椎动脉先天异常所占比例较低,但血流动力学(流速降低、血流量降低)异常者所占比例较高,而且合并颈椎X线改变的比例较高,应注重飞行员颈椎的保护及锻炼,早日将椎动脉的超声检查列入到招飞体检的检查项目之中.Objective To learn vertebral artery hemodynamic abnormality and congenital dysplasia of the military pilots grounded due to syncope.Methods Sixty-six grounded pilots due to syncope were chosen as grounded group while other 70 normal pilots were taken as control group.The ultrasound examinations of vertebral artery were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.Results In grounded group 37 showed vertebral artery abnormality,included 27 cases of peak systolic velocity reduction and 32 cases of blood flow volume decreased.The inner diameter of vertebral artery was less than or equal to 3.0 mm in 29 cases,in which 5 cases' was less than or equal to 2.5 mm and 6 cases showed abnormal vertebral artery shape.The average value of vertebral artery diameter,peak systolic velocity and flow volume of control group was respectively lower than that of grounded group.Comparing with control group,grounded group showed significant differences on left vertebral artery diameter,as well as the peak systolic velocity and flow volume of left and right artery except right vertebral artery diameter (t=4.048-7.223,P＜0.01).But there was no statistical difference between the parameters of left and right vertebral artery in grounded group.45.5％ pilots of grounded group were found having concurrent cervical vertebrae changes which were checked out by X-ray examination.Conclusions The vertebral artery congenital dysplasia takes lower proportion in syncope-induced grounded pilots but the vertebral artery hemodynamic abnormality-such as reduction of peak systolic velocity and reduction of blood flow volume.And the concurrent cervical vertebrae changes are relatively frequent in those pilots.Pilot's cervical spine protection and exercise should be paid more attention and the vertebral artery ultrasound examination is suggested to be included in the pilot recruitment examination as soon as possible.

关 键 词：椎动脉 超声检查 多普勒 彩色 晕厥 回顾性研究 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]