黑背景下彩色字符视觉绩效研究  

Visual performance of colorful characters on black background

作　　者：朱填莉[1] 张杰[1] 刘旭峰[1] 黄志平[1] 廖扬[1] 张茜茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学航空航天医学系心理学教研室,西安710032

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2012年第4期272-277,共6页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨黑背景下不同颜色字符的视觉绩效,为航空飞行器显示界面的设计提供依据. 方法 由120名受试者完成采用选择反应时范式编制的字符类型判断任务,记录其反应时与正确率,分析不同颜色对个体加工数字、字母和汉字3类字符速度的影响. 结果 靶刺激分别为数字、字母和汉字时,个体对不同颜色字符的反应时均存在统计学差异(F=8.854、5.330、8.002,P＜0.01).个体对浅褐色、紫红色和红色数字的反应时最快,对紫红色、绿色和天蓝色字母的反应时最快,对红色、天蓝色、黄色、水绿色、紫红色和绿色汉字的反应时较快,但这几种颜色之间均不存在统计学差异.个体对蓝色数字、字母和汉字的反应时最慢.此外,秩和检验表明,个体对不同颜色字符的反应时存在统计学差异(x2=17.4,P＜0.05). 结论 不同颜色影响个体对字符的加工速度.在飞行器界面设计中,为提高飞行员的视觉绩效,当以黑色为背景色时,应优先选择红色、天蓝色、紫红色3种颜色作为前景色,尽量避免使用蓝色、白色和淡紫色.Objective To offer the evidence of aircraft display interface design by testing the visual performance of colorful characters on black background.Methods One hundred and twenty subjects accomplished response tasks in choosing different type of the characters displayed on black ground.The response time and choosing accuracy rate were recorded and the effects of different character colors on individual's processing speed of figure,grapheme and Chinese characters were analyzed.Results When target stimulation respectively acted as figures,graphemes and Chinese characters individual's response time showed statistical significant differences on colors (F=8.854,5.330,8.002,P＜0.01).Individual showed the fastest response to the light brown,fuchsia and red figures and to the fuchsia,green and skyblue graphemes comparing the fast response to red,skyblue,yellow,aqua,fuchsia and green Chinese characters.But there was no significant difference among the response time to above colors.Individual responded slowly to the blue color no matter to figure,grapheme or Chinese character.Furthermore,rank sum test also indicated the statistical significant differences of individual's response time to different color characters (x2=17.4,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Color effects individual's characters processing speed.In order to ensure pilots' visual performance,red,sky blue and fuchsia colored characters on black background are suggested,and the blue,white and light purple characters should be avoided.

关 键 词：反应时间 彩色字符 数据显示 模式识别 视觉 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]