城市垃圾渗滤液的微生物燃料电池产电研究  

Electricity Generation from Municipal Solid Waste Leachate Using Microbial Fuel Cell Technology

作　　者：袁浩然[1,2] 邓丽芳[1,2] 陈勇[3] 周顺桂[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东广州510640 [2]中国科学院可再生能源与天然气水合物重点实验室,广东广州510640 [3]中国科学院广州分院,广东广州510070 [4]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所,广东广州510650

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2012年第5期800-810,共11页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家"973"项目(2011CB201501);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-G-1-5);广东省-中国科学院全面战略合作项目(2010A090100035)

摘　　要：以城市垃圾处理厂垃圾堆放7天过程中产生的渗滤液为阳极液,构建单室微生物燃料电池(MFCs).通过跟踪观察MFCs启动及阳极微生物驯化过程发现,此类高浓度的有机废水用于MFCs产电时可获得4501.9mW/m3的最大输出功率密度,对应电流密度为30.6A/m3,而通过循环伏安扫描和内阻测定发现,在此溶液环境中阳极电极上有成型生物膜形成,且电池内阻未发生变化,说明渗滤液成分对电池性能无显著损害,渗滤液可用于MFCs产电.随后,通过在线监测MFCs输出电压和分析渗滤液相应指标等方法研究电池产电性能及废水处理效果(生化需氧量、氨氮),进行进一步条件优化.结果表明,当渗滤液呈中性、BOD浓度约为7316.1mg/L时电池的性能最优.此时,最大输出功率密度为9048.0mW/m3,对应电流密度为43.1A/m3,BOD和NH4+-N去除率分别为88.8%和81.7%.而运行时间优化实验表明,运行10—12d最优,此时,MFCs输出电压已降至约90.8±10mV,BOD、NH4+-N去除率达98.0%、89.1%A cubic air-cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was constructed in this study for treating municipal solid waste leachate from an urban waste disposal plant. By tracking and observing the process of MFCs start and domestication it was founded that MFCs achieved a highest power density of 4501.9 mW/m3 and a current density of 30.6 A/m3 using such high concentrations organic wastewater as the anolytes. Cyclic voltammetric and impedance measurements demonstrated the presence of biofilm and the maintenance of internal resistance. It was shown that this kind of wastewater was harmless to the cell performance and could be used to produce electricity at the same time. The subsequent experiments indicated that the optimum condition was under neutral and initial BOD concentration of 7316.1 mg/L, which facilitated MFCs produce the maximum power density of 9048.0 mW/m3, electric current of 43.1 A/m3 and the highest BOD and NH4+-N removal efficiency of about 88.8% and 81.7%, respectively.

关 键 词：微生物燃料电池 渗滤液 循环伏安扫描 BOD 氨氮 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]