肉鸡腹水征的发病机理及其调控措施  

Broiler Ascites: Pathogenesis and Regulatory Measures

作　　者：王永伟[1] 呙于明[1] 彭运智[1] 蔡虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100193

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2012年第12期2295-2302,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金重点项目(6111002);国家肉鸡产业技术体系

摘　　要：腹水征的发生是遗传、营养、环境和饲养管理等多因素综合作用的结果。家禽育种者对肉鸡生长性状的高强度选育也给肉鸡带来解剖学和生理学的缺陷,对肉鸡的健康产生了负面影响。肉鸡快速生长时需氧量显著升高,而高的生长速度与氧气供需之间的不平衡,以及氧气供应功能的损伤刺激心血管等许多补偿机制的形成,最终引起腹水征的发生。肉鸡腹水征给肉鸡生产造成了严重的经济损失,因此,深入研究肉鸡腹水征的发病机理,进而采取有效的调控措施降低其发病率,对促进肉鸡产业的健康发展具有十分重要的意义。采用早期限饲、添加营养调控剂和加强饲养管理等措施可以有效地降低肉鸡腹水征的发生率。本文就肉鸡腹水征的影响因素、发病机理以及降低肉鸡腹水征发生的调控措施进行了综述。Ascites is a multifactorial syndrome,which is caused by interactions among genetic,nutritional,environmental and management factors.Forced selection for growth traits of chickens has resulted in some anatomical and physiological limitations,which have adverse effects on bird health.The fast growing broilers with a high metabolic rate need higher oxygen demand,but un-matching oxygen supply with rapid growth,and the impaired functions for oxygen supply stimulate the development of many compensatory mechanisms in cardiopulmonary systems,which,in turn,brings about ascites syndrome.Ascites causes important economic losses in poultry breeding industry.Therefore,further studying the pathogenesis of chicken ascites,and taking effective measures to reduce the ascites incidence are very important to the healthy development of chicken industry.Early feed restriction,supplementation of nutrition regulatory agents,and good management strategies can effectively reduce the incidence of ascites.This article mainly summarized the influencing factors,pathogenesis,and the regulatory measures to reduce the incidence of broilers ascites.

关 键 词：肉鸡腹水征 影响因素 发病机理 营养调控 

分 类 号：S811[农业科学—畜牧学]