秸秆不同还田方式对土壤蒸发特性影响  

Influence of Different Straw-returning Approaches on Soil Evaporation Characteristics

作　　者：柏会子[1,2] 王洋 石海[1,2] 陈笑莹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2012年第4期241-247,共7页Soils and Crops

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB3B02);中国科学院东北地理所124战略规划项目

摘　　要：以秸秆为材料,利用微型蒸发器,分析了不同秸秆粉碎添加量及不同秸秆覆盖度对土壤蒸发特性的影响。结果表明:粉碎秸秆施入到土壤中能促进土壤蒸发,但添加粉碎秸秆处理间对土壤蒸发影响不显著。秸秆覆盖土壤能有效抑制土壤蒸发,且高覆盖度抑制效果显著。F4(100%覆盖)累积土壤蒸发量最少,为40.8mm,与其他处理差异显著(P<0.05)。试验阶段土壤蒸发作用强于降水补充,高秸秆覆盖度土壤贮水能力高于对照,添加粉碎秸秆土壤贮水量比对照减少幅度大。秸秆覆盖处理土壤蓄水保墒、抑制蒸发能力显著优于秸秆粉碎添加处理。图5,表3,参16。We studied the effects of addition of comminuted straw and different straw coverage on soil evaporation characteristics by micro-lysimeter. The results showed that comminuted straw returning accelerated soil evaporation. No significant differences were found in the treatments of adding comminuted straw on the soil evaporation. Straw cover can restrain the soil evaporation effectively and highstraw cover treatment had significant effect on soil water evaporation. The minimum accumulative soil evaporation of 40. 8 mm was found in F4 treatment( 100% mulching) ,and there were significant differences between F4 and other treatments( P < 0.05) . Soil evaporation was stronger than the precipitation supplement during the measurement. The soil water storage capacity under the high-straw coverage treatments was higher than CK. However,the reduction of soil water storage capacity under adding comminuted straw treatments was higher than CK. The treatments with straw mulching were better than adding comminuted straws on inhibiting soil evaporation and water retention ability.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 秸秆覆盖度 土壤蒸发 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]