晚唐五代“苦吟”诗风的“比物讽刺”内涵及其意义  

The Connotation and the Implication of "Metaphorical Satire" of "Industrious Versification" in Late Tang and Five Dynasties

作　　者：郭鹏[1] 尹变英[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学文学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2012年第6期25-29,共5页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国文学批评史视野中的古代诗社研究"(08CZW014)

摘　　要：晚唐五代"苦吟"诗风在诗学上的成就实际上就是当时的诗格类著述。对这些文献进行专门的文本分析,发现"苦吟"本身还具有通过对诗歌意象的"比物讽刺"式解读去寻绎作者对现实政治的关切的内在用意。而一般对"苦吟"的理解多从推敲琢磨诗句的技术层面考虑,虽然已经把握了"苦吟"本身具有玩味前人诗作以启发诗思和指导创作的内涵,但却忽略了"苦吟"实际上也有对现实政治生态深切关注的更深层涵义。诗格类著述在剖析诗歌意象所对应的政治内涵的同时,要求学者运用"比物讽刺"的方式去表达对现实政治的意见。还应注意,在"苦吟"风气下形成的诗格类著述实际上反映了诗学研究由外部诗歌文体职能向具体而微的细节问题转化的趋势,除摘句批评、章法理论之外,其"比物讽刺"观点其实是对古代诗学"比兴"传统的隐性张扬。The achievements of the'industrious versification' made in poetry study in late Tang and Five Dynasties are in fact those works on poetry format at that time.Through specialized text analysis of those literatures,It could be found that 'industrious versification'itself has the implication of seeking the writer's concern about the political reality through the interpretation of poetic image in the way of 'metaphorical satire'.Generally speaking,'industrious versification' is appreciated mostly at the technique plane of poetic lines.Despite the good understanding of the fact that 'industrious versification' itself has the connotation of enlightening poetic inspiration and guiding poetic creation,the deeper implication that 'industrious versification' actually expresses concern about the political ecosystem is neglected.While analyzing the political connotation to which poetry image correspond,the works of poetry format require the scholars to express their opinion on political reality with 'metaphorical satire'.Also it should be noted that the works of poetry format written in the atmosphere of 'industrious versification' literally reflect the tendency that poetry studies turn from external stylistic function of poetry to the specific details.Except for criticism on picked lines and composition theories,its viewpoint of 'metaphorical satire' is in essence the implicit publicity of the ancient poetic tradition of 'BI XING'.

关 键 词：诗格 晚唐五代 比物讽刺 苦吟 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]