Hawk mimicry and the evolution of polymorphic cuckoos  

杜鹃模拟鹰及杜鹃外形多态性的进化(英文)

作　　者：Rose THOROGOOD Nicholas B.DAVIES 

机构地区：[1]英国剑桥大学动物学系

出　　处：《Chinese Birds》2013年第1期39-50,共12页中国鸟类（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the Natural Environment Research Council

摘　　要：The resemblance of some parasitic cuckoos to Accipiter hawks has been known since ancient times. Recent experiments show that the hawk-like features of Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) facilitate access to Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) host nests. However, social information alerts hosts to see through the cuckoo’s mimetic disguise. In turn, this has promoted the evolution of a cuckoo polymorphism to thwart host recognition. Here we show by comparative analyses that parasitic cuckoos with hawk-like features (yellow eyes, barred underparts, yellow legs) are more likely to be polymorphic (29% of species) than those without (8% of species). Phylogenetic analyses confirm correlated evolution of hawk-like features and cuckoo polymorphism. We suggest that mimicry dynamics are particularly likely to promote the evolution of various guises in parasitic cuckoos to beat host defences.很早人们就已发现一些寄生性繁殖的杜鹃,其外形与Accipiter属的鹰类非常相似。最近的实验表明,大杜鹃(Cuculus canorus)模拟鹰类有助于其接近宿主大苇莺(Acrocephalus scirpaceus)的巢。不过,大苇莺却能够通过公众信息传递来识别大杜鹃的这一计谋。反过来,这也导致了杜鹃外形多态性的进化,以避免宿主对杜鹃的识别。通过比较研究,我们发现在寄生性的杜鹃中,模拟鹰类外形(如虹膜黄色,胸腹部具斑纹,脚黄)的杜鹃种类具有明显的外形多态性(29%的种类),远高于不模拟鹰类外形的杜鹃(仅8%的种类具有多态性)。系统发生分析进一步证实了模拟鹰类外形与杜鹃多态性进化之间的相关性。我们认为,杜鹃对鹰类的动态模拟很可能促进了杜鹃外形多态性的进化,以避免宿主对杜鹃的识别。

关 键 词：Batesian mimicry brood parasitism phylogenetic analysis plumage morph POLYMORPHISM 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]