抽水作用下先存断裂活化滑移机制研究  

Mechanism of reactivation and slip of the preexisting fault under pumping

作　　者：王启耀[1] 蒋臻蔚[2] 彭建兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑工程学院,陕西西安710061 [2]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2013年第2期108-112,共5页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50908018);中央高校基金项目(CHD2011JC035);国土资源大调查项目(1212010641403)

摘　　要：一些规模较大的地裂缝往往是在断裂构造的基础上先初步形成,然后在抽水作用下加剧活动,但是具体的作用机制是很复杂的。本文利用弱面破坏和滑移控制理论对先存断裂在抽水过程中的活化和加剧发展的机制进行了分析。结果表明由于先存断裂弱面的存在,岩土体中的应力场及变形破坏模式都发生了明显的变化,当抽取地下水时,水位下降引起的应力扰动,导致含断裂面的岩土体的平衡被破坏,使得上盘岩土体产生沿断裂面的滑移,从而加剧了地裂缝的活动。这一认识与以往认为地裂缝是差异固结沉降为主要控制因素的看法是有所区别的,进一步完善了抽水作用下地裂缝形成和发展的机理。Some large earth fissures always come into being wing to fault movement and pumping groundwater aggravates their activity.The detail mechanism is rather complicated and is seldom examined.Theory of failure and slide of the weak plane is used to study the detailed mechanism of the reactivation and development of earth fissures during pumping in situation of pre-existing faults.The results indicate that the deformation and failure mode of soil mass are both changed greatly during pumping if there is a weak plane.The stress disturbance aroused by water table decline is the main factor causing the rock/soil body to slide along the weak plane.This result is different from previous view points that differential settlement is caused by stratigraphic difference or subsidence funnel is the main control factor.The research further completes the forming and development mechanism under pumping.

关 键 词：抽水作用 先存断裂 弱面破坏 塑性滑移 地裂缝 

分 类 号：P642[天文地球—工程地质学]