HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对艾滋病相关知识知晓与性行为情况调查  

A survey of the awareness of AIDS-Related knowledge and sexual behavior among people living with HIV/AIDS

作　　者：姜树林[1] 杨烨[1] 刘英杰[1] 丁海峰[1] 于淼[1] 吴玮[1] 焦薇[1] 李书明[1] 宋岩[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021 [2]北京市朝阳区卫生局卫生监督所,北京100021

出　　处：《慢性病学杂志》2013年第5期366-370,共5页Chronic Pathematology Journal

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(20071D0900100300)

摘　　要：目的了解朝阳区HIV感染者/艾滋病患者艾滋病相关知识知晓和高危行为状况,为HIV感染者/艾滋病患者的管理和行为干预工作提供依据。方法对朝阳区居住的63名HIV感染者/艾滋病患者进行问卷调查。结果 HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对"蚊虫叮咬不会传播艾滋病"、"与艾滋病病人吃饭不会感染艾滋病"、"正确使用安全套可以减少艾滋病的传播"的知晓率高于社区居民(P<0.05),总的艾滋病相关知识知晓率(96.8%)也比一般社区居民(85.0%)高(P<0.05);在8个问题中,HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对"只与一个性伴发生性行为可以减少艾滋病的传播"的知晓率最低,仅为87.3%;在得知感染艾滋病后性生活频率有所降低,进行性行为时安全套的使用率有所提高,差异均有统计学意义。结论朝阳区HIV感染者/艾滋病患者对艾滋病相关知识知晓率明显高于社区居民,但对个别问题的知晓率偏低。在得知自己感染HIV后,部分病人的高危行为有所改变,但仍存在认识和行为相背离的情况。因此需要加强对HIV感染者和艾滋病患者的宣传教育和行为干预,促进其行为的彻底改变,减少二代传播。Objective To identify the awareness of the AIDS-related knowledge and the sexual behaviors among people who are living with HIV and AIDS ( PLWHA ) in Chaoyang district , Beijing , To collect evidences for providing behavior intervention in PLWHA. Methods A questionnaire survey is poformed in 63 PLWHA and 419 community residents living in Chaoyang district.The awareness rates of AIDS-related knowledge in PLWHA were compared with that in community residents.The sexual behaviors and the frequency of use of condoms were analyzed. Results The awareness rates on ' HIV was not transmitted by mosquito bite ', ' HIV was not transmitted by having meals together ' and ' those who used condom in the correct way can reduce the transmission of the AIDS ' were significantly higher in the PLWHA than in the community residents ( P<0.05 ) .Considering the responses to all 8 questions addressed , the general awareness rate of HIV-related knowledge rate was also significantly higher in the PLWHA than in the community residents , too ( P<0.05 ) .The frequency of the sexual activity was reduced and that of condom use was increased after the PLWHA knew that they had infected with HIV. Conclusions Awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge in the PL-WHA was higher than that in the community residents.The high-risk sexual behavior of the PLWHA decreased to some extent after they were acknowledged to be a HIV infector.However the rate of safe sexual behavior is still very low ( only 63.5% ) .There is still necessary to strengthen propaganda of AIDS-related knowledge and explore effective behavior intervention method in the PLWHA to reduce the secondary transmission of HIV.

关 键 词：艾滋病 艾滋病病毒感染者 艾知识 高危行为 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]