饮酒对驾驶人判断与反应能力的影响分析  

Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Driver's Judgment and Action Abilities

作　　者：袁伟[1] 李春明[1] 吴付威[1] 王党青[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室,西安710064

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2013年第4期62-66,共5页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：长江学者和创新团队发展计划(批准号:IRT1286);中央高校创新团队基金项目(批准号:CHD2012TD006)资助

摘　　要：为探究饮酒引发交通事故的深层次原因,分析了各国关于禁止酒后驾驶的相关规定,总结归纳了饮酒引发交通事故的类型、严重程度、驾驶人血液酒精浓度、发生时间、肇事群体等特征。依据驾驶适宜性检测标准,选择被试者,运用标准检测仪器,对驾驶人在未饮酒以及摄入不同量酒精后的判断和反应能力的相关指标进行检测。结果表明:随着酒精摄入量的增加,驾驶人对速度估计误差增大且呈现低估速度的趋势;反应时间增长,反应准确性降低,处置判断能力明显减弱。To explore the underlying reasons of traffic accidents caused by alcohol consumption,the rules on drunk driving of various countries were analyzed.Meanwhile,the type of traffic accidents,severity,driver's blood alcohol concentration(BAC),time and accident group caused by alcohol consumption are summed up.Experimental subjects were selected based on automobile driving suitability test standard.By using the standard testing equipments,subjects' judgment and action abilities were tested before taking alcohol and under different alcohol levels.Results show that the subjects' physiological and psychological activities are affected by alcohol.With the increase of alcohol intake,the error of speed anticipation increases,tending to underestimate speed.Besides,with the increase of response time,the response accuracy decreases,and the action judgment ability decreases significantly.

关 键 词：驾驶人 饮酒 事故特征 适宜性检测 判断能力 反应能力 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]