基于健康传播视角的社区居民健康需求及其实现情况  

Health Needs and Realization of the Community Residents from the Perspective of Health Communication

作　　者：蔡忠元[1] 王路[1] 陈婷[1] 陈文曦[1] 靳沪生[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市宝山区疾病预防控制中心,上海201901

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2013年第4期252-254,270,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

基　　金：上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划资助(12GWZX0901)

摘　　要：目的了解社区居民健康需求及其实现情况,为健康传播策略的调整提供依据。方法随机抽取上海市宝山区17个社区1,275名居民,调查其对传播者、健康信息、传播途径的需求、实现和评价情况。结果社区居民最需要的健康信息列前5位的分别是自我保健、营养与食品安全、慢性病防治、传染病防治和运动知识,需求比例分别为68.5%、66.1%、56.9%、35.1%和28.5%,对各类信息满足程度的排序基本与需求一致,但与需求存在较大差距。媒介接触列前6位的分别是健康电视类节目、移动电视、宣传栏、板报、互联网、短信,所占比例分别86.9%、75.2%、72.5%、67.9%、49.5%和32.5%,而居民对人际传播与群体/组织传播的满意度高于大众传播(P<0.01)。居民健康信息主要来源于各类大众媒体、医疗卫生部门和居民小区的宣传。而对传播主体信任度由高到低依次为医务人员、健康促进志愿者和大众传媒人员。结论社区居民的健康需求远没有得到满足,应充分利用大众传媒覆盖面广和医务人员信任度高的优势,加强综合性的健康传播。Objective To understand community residents' health needs and realization,to provide a basis for the adjustment of health communication strategies.Methods By the random sampling,1,275 residents from 17 communities of Baoshan District were selected and investigated in terms of their needs for communicators,health information and transmission channels,realization,and evaluation.Results The top five needs of community residents for health information were self health care,the nutrition and food safety,the chronic disease cure and prevention,the infectious disease cure and prevention,the knowledge of sports,and the need rates were 68.5%,66.1%,56.9%,35.1% and 28.5% respectively.The sequence of the satisfaction degree of all kinds of information was consistent with that of needs basically,but there was a big gap between them.The top six of media channels were health TV programs,mobile TV,bulletin board,blackboard,internet,and text message.And the rates were 86.9%,75.2%,72.5%,67.9%,49.5% and 32.5% respectively.Residents' satisfaction degree of the interpersonal and group/organization communication was higher than that of mass communication(P<0.01).The main way of residents' getting health information were all kinds of mass media,health sectors and residential quarter.The health communicators whom residents took into their confidence ranked as medical workers,health-promoting volunteers and mass media personnel from high to low.Conclusion Community residents' health needs were far from satisfied.The advantages in wide coverage of mass media and high credibility of medical workers should be made full use of to strengthen the comprehensive health communication.

关 键 词：社区 健康传播 健康需求 媒介渠道 传播策略 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]