奉贤区社区居民健康素养现状调查分析  

Analysis of Health Literacy Status among Community Residents in Fengxian District

作　　者：徐慧[1] 李枫[2] 谢杨[1] 刘东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区疾病预防控制中心,上海201400 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2010年第1期15-18,共4页Health Education and Health Promotion

摘　　要：目的了解奉贤区社区居民健康素养知识的知晓情况,并分析相关的影响因素,为今后制定相关的策略和政策提供科学依据。方法采用整群分层抽样方法,抽取南桥镇古华南区450户15岁～69岁的常住人口,选取900人作为本次健康素养监测的对象;采用上海市健康教育所设计的问卷对调查对象的健康知识、健康理念、生活方式和行为进行调查。结果调查显示,男性知晓率(63.8%)高于女性(60.1%),但是行为形成率男性(54.4%)低于女性(57.2%);中间年龄段知晓率(63.2%)高于低年龄段(61.8%)、高年龄段(58.7%),而高年龄阶段行为形成率(56.9%)高于低年龄段(54.8%)、中间年龄段(54.3%);经济水平越高,其知识知晓率也越高,相反,其与行为形成率却不成正比,中等收入者的行为形成率高于低、高收入者。文化程度及职位越高,其知晓率及行为形成率也越高。结论今后健康宣传方式应更集中于媒体、宣传画册及讲座上,因为这些传播方式更易使文化程度低者接受,有利于平衡因文化程度差异而带来的健康素养差异。Objective To investigate the health literacy status and analyze its influencing factors among community residents in Fengxian District, and to provide a scientific basis for health strategies and policies. Methods By stratified cluster random sampling, 900 residents aged from 15 to 69 years old were selected among 450 households in Guhua South Area of Nanqiao Town. Questionnaire from Shanghai Health Education Institute was available to collect information of health literacy status. Results The results indicated that health knowledge rate of male was 63.8%, which was higher than that of female (60.1%), but health behavior rate of male was 54.4%, which was lower than that of female (57.2%). The rate of health knowledge of middle-aged group was 63.2%, which was higher than that of young group (61.8%) and that of old group (58.7%). However, the rate of health behavior of the old group (56.9%) was higher than that of middle-aged group (54.8%) and that of the young group (54.3%). Health knowledge rate increased with the development of income. Health behavior rate among middle-income group was higher than that of low-income and high-income group. Health behavior rate and health knowledge rate increased with the improvement of education degree and occupation level. Conclusion Media, exhibition, picture and lectures should play the major roles in health education in future. These are the better ways for the group with low education level to accept health education, which can decrease the influence on health literacy by education.

关 键 词：社区居民 健康素养 调查分析 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]