山西南部旱地小麦不同播种方式的适播期与播量研究  

Configuration of sowing date and rate for dryland wheat

作　　者：刘玲玲[1] 张松令[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《小麦研究》2012年第2期11-22,共12页Journal of Wheat Research

摘　　要：试验于1997～2001年在山西省浮山县张庄乡对旱地小麦播期播量的配置进行了研究。结果表明:⑴不论露地条播还是膜上穴播其适播期均可定在9月23日左右,露地条播可适当早于该日期,而膜上穴播可适当晚于该日期。在适期播种情况下,露地条播可取354万基本苗/hm2作为适宜播量指标,而膜上穴播情况下则可取245万基本苗/hm2,如果所定播期明显晚于该日期,可在相应的基础上适当加大播量;⑵晚播小麦具有较强的抗寒性,推迟播期可以提高小麦的抗寒性,这一点对于露地播种方式最为明显,膜上穴播则以其较强的产量结构调节性而表现出群体抗寒性,在有较重春寒的情况下,较早的播期仍可取得最高产量。Configuration of sowing date and rate for dryland wheat was studied in 1997-2001 at Fushan, Shanxi. Results showed that: i) September 23 can be chosen as the proper sowing date both for uncovered drill seeding and for film hole seeding, and the proper sowing rate should be 354×10 4 and 245×10 4 plants per hm 2 for both sowing types respectively. Sowing rate for the late sowing date can be increased properly to balance the loss of yield; ii) Later sown wheat has stronger cold tolerance, which is obvious for uncovered drill seeding especially. Film hole planted wheat has greater population cold tolerance than uncovered drill seeding, and hence the earlier sowing date can be still used to reach higher yield when there is cold wave in spring while it has to be postpone the sowing date for uncovered drill seeding to alleviate cold damage. iii) There is no interaction between sowing date and underground irrigation, so is between sowing rate and underground irrigation under the experimental condition. If the wheat is not irrigated in the early stage, configuration of sowing date and rate can be done independently, and it is not necessary to consider the irrigation effect in late stage.

关 键 词：旱地小麦 露地条播 膜上穴播 播期 播量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]