历史变迁中美国宪法平等原则的经济观察——从《独立宣言》到《美国宪法》  

An Economic View on the Principle of Equality of the United States Constitution in Its Transformation

作　　者：曾尔恕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学,教授博士生导师北京100080

出　　处：《南京大学法律评论》2008年第1期249-260,共12页Nanjing University Law Review

基　　金：2007年度教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目资助<社会转型与法律变革研究>(07JZD0013)。

摘　　要：美国宪法的经济内容在美国历史发展的各个时期演绎出丰富的含义,表现出平等原则的不同价值取向。《独立宣言》强调美洲人民应当平等地享有与英国人同样的权利和自由,表达出平等地进入世界自由贸易和自由市场的迫切要求,以及有产者捍卫既得财产权的坚定决心。《邦联条例》强调各州主权平等之下各州的经济权利。《美国联邦宪法》则为了实现在全国范围内建立统一的经济区域,协调联邦和各州的关系免受狭隘地区主义的破坏,保障经济的平衡发展,进而维护国家安全,在联邦与各州的立法范围上作出分配,其中涉及多项经济财产制度。美国宪法在经济内容含义上的变化对美国的政治法律制度有重要影响。The economic content of the United States Constitution has developed rich meaning,showing different values of the principle of equality.'Declaration of Independence' stressed that American people should be on an equal footing with the British people,embodying urgent requirement of equal access to the world's free market and firm determination to safeguard the vested property rights of the property owner.'Articles of Confederation'emphasized the equal economic rights of each state.'The United States Federal Constitution',in order to establish a unified economic system out of the narrow-minded regionalism,protect the balanced economic development and thus the interests of national security,legislated the distribution of power between the federal and states,which involves a number of economic contents.The changes of the economic meaning of the United States Constitution have a significant impact on the American political and legal system.

关 键 词：平等原则 独立宣言 邦联条例 美国宪法 经济观察 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD911