生态文明时代的法理  

Jurisprudence in Ecological Civilization Era

作　　者：徐祥民[1] 张红杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学法政学院

出　　处：《南京大学法律评论》2010年第1期25-40,共16页Nanjing University Law Review

摘　　要：人类解决个体与整体之间关系的法则主要有自然法则作用下的有力者居之、个人主义的"有理者居之"和团体主义的"共享而后自有之"三种。以"弱肉强食"为特点的有力者居之与当今人类文明进步的发展方向背道而驰,不应成为生态文明时代的选择。"有理者居之"在当代表现为有权者居之,而权利内容的增加和权利主体的增加都只能使业已紧张的人与自然的矛盾加剧。权利对保护环境的积极作用只对全部环境利益中的极小部分有效。"共享而后自有之"是应对环境危机的最佳选择,是生态文明时代应遵循的社会法则。"共享而后自有之"法则所规定的生态文明时代的法理的核心内容有三点,即适应自然、整体优先和义务本位。There are three principles that deal the relations between the individual and the whole,which include the principle determined by power according to naturalism,the principle determined by rationality according to individualism,and the principle of sharing before self-owning according to holism.Jungle justice characterizes the principle determined by power.But it is acted counter to the development of human civilization,and should not be selected in the ecological civilization time.The principle determined by rationality is represented that people who have rights make the judgment.But the increasing of right content and right subject can only make the conflicts between human and nature grow.Right has only positive effect on extremely small scale of environmental protection.The principle of sharing before self-owning is the best choice to cope with the environmental crisis,and should be observed as the social principle in ecological civilization time.The jurisprudence according to the principle has three core contents,including nature adaptation,whole priority,and obligation standard.

关 键 词：生态文明 义务本位 环境保护 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]