上古汉语塞音韵尾*-g、*-gw、*-kw 和*-d  

Stop Endings *-g*-gw*-lcw and *-d in Archaic Chinese

作　　者：邢公畹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学中文系,300071

出　　处：《南开语言学刊》2002年第1期14-29,156,共17页Nankai Linguistics

摘　　要：明清之际的著名音韵学家顾炎武正确指出,韵书用带-p、-t、-k 尾的字群和带-m、-n、-η尾的字群相配合是错误的;根据《诗经》押韵和文字谐声的情况,我们必须把带-p、-t、-k 尾的字群和带元音尾的字群(阴声韵)配合在一起。李方桂继承了这个优秀的音韵学传统,并且为那些带元音尾的字构拟了*-g、*-gw、*-kw、*-d 等塞音尾。本文作者根据藏文-b、-d、-g 尾是破裂音这一事实,认为上古汉语中的*-p、*-t、*-k 和*-g、*-gw、*-d 等塞音尾也都是破裂音。当*-g、*-gw、*-d 等塞音尾消失后,*-p、*-t、*-k 尾也就变成唯闭音。Early in the turn of the Ming and the Qing Dynasty the famous phonologist Gu Yanwu pointedout that it was in a wrong that in the rhyming dictionaries the syllables ending in -p -t -k are putrespectively with the syllables ending in -m -n -ng in a rhyme. From the rhyming in the Book of Songs and the phonetic element of a character the syllables ending in -p -t -k have to be put in arhyme with the syllables ending in vowels. The Late professor Li Fanggui accepted and carriedforward Gu's view. He proposed the stop endings *-g *-gw *-kw and *-d etc. to the the syllablesending in vowels to indicate the rhyming mentioned above. The writer in this paper deems it the *-p*-t *-k and the *-g *-gw and *-d etc. in archaic Chinese were explosives on account of the fact thatthe stop ending -b -d -g in ancient Tibetan were explosives. As the *-g *-gw and *-d etc.disappeared on the course of development the*-p*-t*-k were changing into implosives.

关 键 词：元音韵尾 塞音韵尾 

分 类 号：H111[语言文字—汉语]