从中古后期-近代语音和官客赣湘方言看知照组  

A View to Zhi-Zhao Group Initials through the Chinese of Later-Middle and Early-Modern Ages and Some Dialects

作　　者：麦耘[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,100732

出　　处：《南开语言学刊》2010年第1期15-30,185,共17页Nankai Linguistics

摘　　要：在通语语音史上,中古前期《切韵》的庄、章组于中古后期合流为韵图的照组,到近代再与知组合流。知照组在《蒙古字韵》和《中原音韵》中是一组声母,分为不带i介音和带i介音两类,大致对应于韵图的二等和三等。在现代一些官话方言和客、赣、湘方言中,知照组分两类,基本上也是与韵图的二、三等或《蒙古字韵》和《中原音韵》的两类对应,这是后来的演变结果,与《切韵》的庄、章组之别无直接关系,更与上古音无关。The zhuang group and zhang group initials in Early-Middle Chinese (Qieyun) conflated into zhao group in Later-Middle Chinese(the Grades-Rhymes Tables), and zhao group mixed with zhi group in Early-Modern Chinese(The Hpagspa-Chinese Dictionary and ZhongyuanYinyun).In the latter,zhi-zhao group is one group,but some syllables contain -i- medal and the others are not,and they roughly corresponded with theⅡGrade andⅢGrade in the Grades-Rhymes Tables.In some Chinese dialects,e.g.some Mandarin dialects,Hakka-Gan dialects and Xiang dialects,zhi-zhao group split down two group nationals,,and they still corresponded with the Grades-Rhymes Tables or The Hpagspa-Chinese Dictionary and ZhongyuanYinyun.The dialects had gone through later changes,and not mirror Early-Middle and Old Chinese immediately.

关 键 词：知照组 庄章组 中古后期 近代语音 官话方言 客赣方言 湘语 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]