论马克思的两部类价值转形问题  

About the Transformation Problem of Two Departments of Marx

作　　者：沈民鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学经济学院

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2008年第1期42-52,共11页China Review of Political Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十五"规划重点项目(项目编号:05AJL001)

摘　　要：价值转形问题是劳动价值论中的核心问题。从1907年起,鲍特凯维兹等经济学家尝试解决价值转形问题。一百年来,很多经济学家采用各种假设条件,构造价值转形模型。这些模型不能回答马克思的"两个等于"论断是否成立的问题。本文提出,在价值转形中商品价值和剩余价值具有几种不同的形式,并提出一个简单再生产条件下的价值转形模型。本文证明,价值决定生产价格,并分析在价值转形中,生产资料和劳动力流动问题。根据剩余价值的不同形式,回答马克思"两个等于"的著名论断在什么条件下成立。The transformation of value is nut in the theory of labor-value.In 1907,L.von Bortkiewicz began to settle the transformation of value by equations.Many economists set the transformation models on every kinds of hypothesis for 100 years.These models not only do not accord with the thinking of Karl Marx,but also can not answer whether fa- mous 'Two equal' of Marx is right.This paper put forward that value and surplus-value have several forms,set up a model of the transformation on simple reproduction.The paper proves that value decides prices of production.The means of production and the laborpower does not flow between two divisions in the transformation.Basing several forms of surplus value,the paper analyze in what condition,'Two equations',the famous conclusion of Karl Marx,is right.

关 键 词：生产价格 价值转形 剩余价值 转形问题 马克思 简单再生产 价格形式 价值形式 假设条件 劳动价值论 

分 类 号：F014.3[经济管理—政治经济学]