从按劳分配到按生产要素贡献分配--中国改革开放30年收入分配制度演变与分配理论创新  

From the Distribution According to One's Performance to the Distribution Based on Factors of Production—the Evolution and Theoretical Innovation of the Income Distribution System and Theory in 30 Years of China's Reforming and Opening up

作　　者：蔡继明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学人文社会科学学院 [2]清华大学政治经济学研究中心

出　　处：《政治经济学评论》2008年第2期84-98,共15页China Review of Political Economy

摘　　要：本文分析了我国改革开放30年来从单一的按劳分配到按生产要素贡献分配这一制度变革的历史进程,回顾了按生产要素贡献分配(简称按贡献分配)理论提出的过程,讨论了按生产要素贡献分配的价值基础和政策含义,论证了非生产要素按贡献参与分配不等于剥削,剥削与私有制之间没有必然的联系,因此,按生产要素贡献分配,消灭剥削,与保护私有财产和发展非公有制经济,可以并行不悖。调整当前收入分配关系的新视角,是继续贯彻"效率优先,兼顾公平"和按生产要素贡献分配的原则,着力缩小城乡居民收入差距和地区收入差距,遏制垄断行业高收入,提高劳动收入所占比重,降低政府收入在国民收入分配中的比重。This paper analyzed the historical changing process ,in 30 years of China's reforming and opening up,from distribution institution of according to one's performance to the distribution based on factors of production,recalled the process of framing the theory of distribution based on factors of production.We also expounded the value foundation and policy implications of the distribution based on factors of production and explained that ex- ploitation and private ownership are not necessarily linked,and therefore,the distribution based on factors of production,and the protection of private property and the development of non-public ownership economy,can go hand in hand.To adjust the income distribution relations by new perspective,is to continue to implement the principle of 'giving priority to efficiency while giving consideration to equality' and strive to narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents and regional income disparities,and curb the monopoly industries in high-income,improve the proportion of labor revenue and reduced government revenue in the proportion of national income distribution.

关 键 词：按生产要素贡献分配 按劳分配原则 非公有制经济 生产要素按贡献参与分配 社会主义初级阶段 非劳动要素 消灭剥削 收入分配 按生产要素分配 私有制 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济]