上海市杨浦区2007—2011年学校和托幼机构传染病疫情分析  

The Epidemiological Analysis of Infectious Diseases in the Schools and Kindergartens of Shanghai Yangpu District from 2007 to 2011

作　　者：代银[1] 韩雪[1] 张家琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市杨浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200090

出　　处：《健康教育与健康促进》2013年第5期375-377,共3页Health Education and Health Promotion

摘　　要：目的了解上海市杨浦区近几年学校和托幼机构传染病疫情的流行病学特点,为预防和控制传染病的流行提供依据。方法收集杨浦区2007—2011年学校和托幼机构传染性疾病突发事件的数据资料,对资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2007—2011年,共接报、处置学校和托幼机构传染性疾病突发事件188起,发病人数1,739例,无死亡病例。其中水痘61起、流行性腮腺炎2起、手足口病82起、流感样发热事件40起,腹泻呕吐事件3起,分别占32.45%、1.06%、43.62%、21.28%和1.59%。手足口病主要发生场所为托幼机构,占96.34%;水痘和流感样发热事件的主要发生场所为中小学,分别占80.33%和80.00%。结论学校和托幼机构是传染性疾病突发事件的高发场所。中小学校和幼儿园应以防控急性呼吸道传染病和经接触传播传染病为工作重点,规范落实晨检制度、因病缺课缺勤监测和疫情报告制度,同时加强对儿童青少年及其家长的健康宣传。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in the schools and kindergartens of Yangpu District of Shanghai for providing the evidence of prevention and control of infectious diseases.Methods The data and information were collected of public infectious diseases emergency in Yangpu District from 2007 to 2011.Descriptive epidemiological analysis was made of these data & information.Results In the period of 2007 to 2011,there were 188 public infectious diseases emergencies and 1,739 patients.And there were no death cases in the schools and kindergartens.There were 61 cases of chickenpox,2 cases of angina parotidea,82 cases of hand-foot-and- mouth disease,40 cases of flu-like fever and 3 cases of diarrhea and vomiting sickness among them.The proportion of these sicknesses was respectively 32.45%,1.06%,43.62%,21.28% and 1.59%.The hand-foot-and-mouth disease mainly happened in the kindergartens and the proportion was 96.34%.The chickenpox and flu-like fever disease mainly happened in the primary and middle schools,and the proportion was 80.33% and 80.00% respectively.Conclusion The schools and kindergartens are high-risk places where the public infectious diseases emergencies happen frequently.The prevention and control of the acute respiratory and contact transmission infectious diseases should be the key emphasis in the work of schools and kindergartens.It also needs to strengthen the measures of morning check system,sickness absence monitoring and epidemic reporting system.Meanwhile,the schools need to reinforce the health propaganda for children,adolescents and their parents.

关 键 词：传染病 流行病学研究 突发疫情 学校和托幼机构 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]