钢铁生产过程环境影响的全生命周期评价  

Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impacts For the Whole Steel Production Process

作　　者：王腊芳[1] 张莉沙[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,湖南长沙410079

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2012年第S2期239-244,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"经济;能源;气候等多目标约束下中国钢铁产业节能减排与产业升级的动态CGE模型与政策研究"(编号:71003033);教育部博士点基金"钢铁全生命周期节能减排综合评价体系及其动态CGE模型的构建与应用研究"(编号:20090161120042);教育部人文社会科学研究项目基金"能源定价方式对我国经济影响的动态一般均衡研究"(编号:09YJC790078);湖南省社科基金"长株潭试验区资源环境制度变化及其经济损益与可持续评价"(编号:08YBB313)

摘　　要：钢铁制品的生产和使用等整个流程都以不同的方式对环境产生影响,如何从源头和生产的全过程分析并控制能源消耗和污染物排放,分析钢铁各环节节能减排潜力以及钢铁节能减排工作对钢铁产业升级的促进作用是中国钢铁业面临的重要问题之一。本文构建了中国钢材生产的生命周期清单,并运用生命周期评价方法对中国吨钢生产的8类环境影响贡献及总的环境影响潜力进行了评价。结果显示,温室效应、能源消耗、资源消耗是中国钢材生产过程中最为重要的环境影响,炼铁、焦化和烧结工序是钢铁生产环境影响最为重要的几大工序。2000-2009年中国吨钢生产总的环境影响潜力减小了37.37%,中国钢铁产业的环境影响潜力却增强了2.31倍。The whole process in producing and utilizing iron and steel products is having an impact on the environment in different ways.How to analyze and control energy consumption and pollutant emissions from the source and the whole production process,and to analyze the promoter? Action of energy and emission reduction potential of the various stage of iron and steel production as well as the iron and steel energy saving work is one of the most important problems in China's iron and steel industry.This paper constructs a iron and steel production life cycle inventory,and uses life cycle assessment method to evaluate the contribution of environmental impact for the eight kinds of main impact categories on China's per ton steel production and to evaluate the total environmental impact potential of China's per ton steel production.Result shows that climate change,energy consumption and resource consumption are the most important environmental impacts in the process of China's iron and steel production system,and blast furnace,coking and sintering process are the most important procedures among the environmental impacts of iron and steel production.From 2000 to 2009,the total environmental impact potential of China's per ton steel production throughout the life cycle is decreased by 37.37%,but the environmental impact potential of China's iron and steel industry is enhanced by 2.31 times.

关 键 词：钢铁产业 生命周期影响评价 能源消耗 污染排放 

分 类 号：F426.31[经济管理—产业经济] F205