馆藏文物保存环境检测用无动力扩散采样器初步设计  

Preliminary design of a passive diffusive sampler for monitoring of museum environment

作　　者：解玉林[1] 徐方圆[1] 吴来明[1] 

机构地区：[1]馆藏文物保存环境国家文物局重点科研基地上海博物馆,上海200050

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2009年第S1期1-6,共6页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助(2006BAK20B01);国家文物局文物保护科学和技术研究课题资助(20040308)

摘　　要：因为无动力扩散采样技术适合于对馆藏文物保存环境中的多种污染气体进行检测,为此,优化设计研制了一种无动力扩散采样器。通过分析采样器的工作原理,根据菲克第一扩散定律推导了污染物浓度换算公式。在比较了现有徽章式和扩散管式两种典型采样器的基础上,以扩散管式采样器为原型,增加了接头部件,以二氧化氮为污染气体代表,试验比较了采样器的不同组合对采样效果的影响。研究结果表明:该采样器能够根据采样环境的实际情况灵活组合,提高了采样器的适用性;二氧化氮采样分析计算结果基本达到设计要求,增加扩散腔厚度能降低采样的分散性;采用双面采样可以成倍增加污染物吸附量,提高检测灵敏度。Because a passive technology employing simple diffusion is most suitable for sampling and detection of various gas pollutants in museum environments,a passive diffusive sampler was designed and optimized.Analysis of the collector's working principles,led to a formula based on the Fick's first law of diffusion for calculating the pollutant concentration.After comparison of two typical existing models - the badge type and the tube type - a tube type was selected as the prototype for further development.A connector component was added and nitrogen dioxide was used as a representative pollutant gas to test the effectiveness of different sampler combinations.Results of these studies suggested that this type of sampler is flexible and can be adapted to actual environments,thus enhancing its applicability.Data based on nitrogen dioxide collection,indicated that design requirements had been met.These studies also indicated that extending the sampler tube can reduce sample dispersion while double - face sampling can multiply pollutant adsorption quantity and improve sensitivity.

关 键 词：馆藏文物保存环境 无动力扩散采样 采样器 二氧化氮 

分 类 号：G264[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]