呼和浩特市居民高血压流行病学调查分析  

Analysis of epidemiological survey of hypertension among residents in Hohhot

作　　者：秦三平[1] 汪洋杰[1] 韩霞[1] 董连英[1] 高金霞[1] 李春峰[1] 安娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]呼和浩特市疾病预防控制中心慢病科,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《慢性病学杂志》2013年第9期665-667,共3页Chronic Pathematology Journal

摘　　要：目的了解呼和浩特市15岁及以上人群高血压患病情况及相关危险因素,为高血压防治工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,选择呼和浩特市15岁及以上人群2 158人进行问卷调查及血压测量。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析。结果 2 158名调查对象中,高血压患者824例,患病率为38.18%,标化患病率为21.12%,其中,男性患者382例,患病率36.38%,女性患者442例,患病率39.89%,不同性别高血压患病率差异无统计学意义。高血压患者随年龄增长患病率增加,40岁以上的人群高血压患病率增长幅度较大,各年龄组高血压的患病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。农村高血压患者360例,患病率为42.31%,城市高血压患者464例,患病率为35.50%,农村患病率高于城市,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压危险因素中,高血压家族史、吸烟对高血压患病率的影响均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血压患者中,接受降压治疗638例,治疗率为77.43%;血压控制有效252例,控制有效率为30.58%。城市患者接受降压治疗和血压控制率均高于农村,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼和浩特市居民高血压患病率较高,应对居民加强健康教育和干预,以达到预防高血压的发生和发展。Objective To study the hypertension prevalence in the population aged 15 years and older and the associated risk factors in Hohhot.To provide evidence for hypertension prevention and control.Methods A total of 2 158 people aged 15 years and older were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling method.Questionnaire survey was done and blood pressure measurement were collected.SPSS 13.0 was used for data analysis.Results The hypertension prevalence rate of 2 158 respondents is 38.18%(824/2 158)and the standardized prevalence rate is 21.12%.The prevalence rate in 382 male patients is 36.38% and the prevalence in 442 females is 39.89%.There is no statistical significant difference in the prevalence between men and women.The hypertension prevalence rate of the population significantly increased with age,especially in those over 40 years old.There is significant differences in the prevalence of hypertension among all age groups(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the hypertension prevalence rate in rural residents is significantly higher than that in urban residents,with prevalence rate of 42.31%(360/851)and 35.50%(464/1 307)respectively(P<0.05).When it comes to health risk factors,both the family history of hypertension and smoking were significantly associated with hypertension.There were 638 patients under ordinary therapy and the rate of treatment is 77.43%(P<0.05).There were 252 people got hypertension controlled and the control rate is 30.58%.The difference in the control rate between rural and urban residents was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The hypertension prevalence rate in Hohhot is higher than the average rate in our country.The disease prevention and control personnel should take effective measures to promote public health education in Hohhot and intensify hypertension interventions to prevent the occurrence of hypertension and its development.

关 键 词：高血压 流行病学 危险因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]