英国对肯尼亚殖民政策的演变  

ON CHANGES IN BRITISH COLONIAL POLICY TOWARD KENYA FOLLOWING THE SECOND WORLD WAR

作　　者：高晋元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所

出　　处：《西亚非洲》1997年第3期32-38,75,共8页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：英国对肯尼亚殖民政策的演变高晋元二战前和二战期间，英国几届殖民大臣曾多次表示要“引导”殖民地走向“自治”（还未明确说“独立”），但并未想在短期内实现这一目标或当作一项现实政策，像肯尼亚这类有较多欧洲移民的殖民地当然更是如此。但战后不到２０年，英国在非...Abstract Prior to the Second World War, Britain pursued a so called dual policy in Kenya, being in fact a policy of encouraging the White settlers while ruthlessly pillaging and oppressing the native Africans. After the War, British colonial policy toward Kenya went through three periods in its development: In the first period (1945-1952), as Britain intended to stick to its colonial rule, its policy focused on the encouragement of new immigration of European settlers and the implementation of a slow and gradual political advance; in the second period (1953-mid 1959),with Britain at first shocked by the Mau Mau Uprising and then pressed by the incessantly growing demands of the African nationalists, its policy turned to armed suppression on the one hand and speeding up its ‘gradualist’ constitutional and land reforms on the other, but it still had no idea to withdraw in the near future; in the third period (since late 1959), confronted with tremendous changes in and pressures from the situations both internal and international, Britain decided to accelerate its decolonization process and withdraw from Kenya as fast as possible, so as to ensure its long term interest. Many factors caused this change of heart, such as the unremitting struggles of the Kenyan people, the international pressures, the ‘examples’ set by the other colonial countries, the decline of Britains ability to rule, and the ascendency of a pragmatic faction within the Conservative government.

关 键 词：肯尼亚 殖民政策 战后英国 前引书 殖民地 非洲民族主义 渐进主义 欧洲移民 英国政府 立法院 

分 类 号：D856.10[政治法律—政治学]