战后拉丁美洲的经济发展  

The Postwar Economic Development of Latin America.

作　　者：阎玉贞 朱书林 

出　　处：《现代国际关系》1986年第3期44-48,57+63,共7页

摘　　要：拉丁美洲原是世界上经济落后地区之一。第二次世界大战后,经过几十年的努力,整个地区经济有较大的发展,并涌现出了几个“新兴工业化”国家,人民生活水平也有一定的提高,成了第三世界经济发展较快的地区之一。本文就拉丁美洲经济发展的主要成就以及目前存在的一些问题作一初步探讨。一战后,拉丁美洲经济的较迅速发展主要表现在以下几方面: (一)经济结构发生了显著变化,经济增长速度较快。经济结构的最大的变化是拉丁美洲由一个农业大陆变成了一个农业和工业地区。在拉丁美洲国民经济中的比重。Latin America is an important part of the Third World. Since World War II, through decades' efforts, great developments have been achieved in economy in the whole region, with its growth rate surpassing that of the developed countries and other areas in the Third World And in economic structure, it has changed tremendously from a former farming continent to an agriculturally and industrially combined area. Along with this, there have appeared several new-born industrializing countries. On the basis of these developments, the living standard of the people has some improvements.Except objective advantages, the main reason for rapid growth of the Latin American economy lies in the fact that the Latin American countries have adopted a series of strategic policies conformed to the local conditions. Among them are: the strategy of industrialized 'substitute import' beneficial to the growth of national economy, the principle of bringing the state's organizing and guiding functions into play in economy the borrowing strategy adopted in the 1970s and the development strategies of introducing foreign investments and encouraging exports.For all the above-mentioned achievements in its economy, Latin America is now still confronted with many difficulties and problems, such as heavy foreign debts, high inflation, backward agriculture, serious dependence on the developed countries in finance. technology, market and food import. However, the Latin American countries are trying to solve those problems in active way.It may be predicted that in the latter half of 1980s, the Latin American economy will have a slow and stable growth in the wake of its adjustment.

关 键 词：拉丁美洲经济 经济发展 六十年代 拉美国家 替代进口 阿根廷 拉美地区 七十年 八十年代 墨西哥 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]