上海城郊土壤重金属含量的空间变异与分布特征——以上海市闵行区为例  

SPATIAL VARIABILITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOIL HEAVY METALS CONTENT IN SUBURBS OF SHANGHAI——A CASE STUDY OF MINHANG IN SHANGHAI CITY

作　　者：庄腾飞[1] 柳云龙[1,2] 章立佳[1] 卢小遮[1] 韩晓非 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学地理系,上海200234 [2]上海师范大学城市生态与环境研究中心,上海200234 [3]上海闵行区环境保护局,上海201100

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2012年第S1期99-104,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：上海师范大学重点培育学科项目(DZL801);闵行区自然科学研究项目(2009MHZ014);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(09YZ175);上海师范大学校级项目(SK200729);上海市教委重点学科建设项目(J50402)

摘　　要：为揭示城市化、工业化等人为活动对土壤环境质量的影响,选择上海城郊结合部为研究区域,采用地统计学方法对表层土壤样品Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Mn 5种重金属的空间变异结构和分布特征进行了分析。结果表明:土壤Cu、Cr、Mn、Pb、Zn均属中等变异,土壤Mn含量服从正态分布,土壤Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn含量服从对数正态分布;半方差函数模型拟合结果显示土壤Mn符合指数模型,土壤Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn符合线性模型、其中土壤Cu、Pb、Zn为纯块金效应模型,反映了城郊结合部土壤污染空间变异的复杂性。通过泛克里格插值可直观反应表层土壤重金属含量空间分布特征,发现土壤Cr、Mn呈岛状,土壤Cu、Pb、Zn呈多岛状分布的特点,工业和交通污染源是影响土壤重金属空间分布的重要因素。Soil heavy metals concentrations in suburbs of Shanghai were analyzed to indicate the effect of urbanization and industrialization on soil environment quality.A geostatistics method was used to analyze the spatial variation structure and distributions of 5 heavy metals(Cu,Cr,Mn,Pb and Zn) in the top soil.The results showed that Cu,Cr,Mn,Pb and Zn were medium in variability,Mn was distributed normally,While Cu,Cr,Pb and Zn were distributed lognormally.The results of semivariance analysis showed that Mn was fit for exponential model,Cr,Pb,Cu and Zn were fit for the linear model,Pb,Cu and Zn were especially fit for the pure nugget model.The complexity of soil pollution spatial distribution was indicated.The spatial distribution maps of heavy metal content of the topsoil in suburbs were produced by means of the universal kriging interpolation.Cr and Mn were distributed in island,Pb,Cu and Zn were distributed in multi-island.The source of industry and traffic pollution were the important factors to affect the spatial distribution of soil heavy metals.

关 键 词：上海 土壤重金属 地统计学 空间变异 空间分布 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]