论海湾国家政治制度类型的划分  

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF TYPES OF POLITICAL SYSTEM IN GULF STATES

作　　者：安维华 

出　　处：《西亚非洲》1993年第6期46-52,79-80,共9页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：一 海湾国家的政治制度不同于发达国家的政治制度,甚至也不同于一些发展中国家以西方国家为模式建立的政治制度。因此,在研究海湾政治制度的类型时,不能套用其他地区政治制度类型的框子。例如,在海湾地区,有的君主制国家已颁布了宪法,其中有的还建立了议会,但是它们的政治制度既不同于欧洲一些国家(英国、荷兰、瑞典。When classifying the types of political system in developing countries, in- cluding those in the Gulf regions, Western scholars tend to lay their basis on Western capitalist theory and method, and on Western history of political system. This, of course, does not correspond to reality. Some chinese scholars have taken the nature and form of political domination in the aggregate as the cretiria for categorizing political systems of various countries, and classified Kuwait and United Arab Emirates as political system in the transition from pre-capitalism to capiitalism, which rating non-monarchy states of Gulf region as political system of developing capitalism. This classification has something to recommend it. But the gaps in socio-economic development between Gulf countries have narrowed greatly since the 'Oil Boom' period in the begining of the 1970s, and in the au- ther's view, all these countries can be included in the group of developing capi- talist countries. The characters of political domination, therefore, are rather close to each other among these countries, although there is much difference in their forms of political domination. Accordingly, political systems in the Gulf states can be classified into two large groups of monarchism and republicanism. But, in contrast with the monarchism and republicanism in Western countries, there still remain in them the brand of tribal culture and the tinge of Islamic culture.

关 键 词：政治制度 制度类型 海湾国家 发展中国家 君主制 海湾地区 模式建立 西方国家 宪法 发达国家 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] F11[政治法律—政治学]