经院哲学对天主教的影响  

Scholastic Influences on Catholicism

作　　者：王忠欣 

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》1992年第1期45-51,129,共8页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：欧洲进入中世纪后,基督教成为占统治地位的意识形态。“意识形态的其他一切形式——哲学、政治、法学,都合并到神学中”,“成为神学中的科目”。中世纪的西欧哲学又被称为经院哲学,它是9至15世纪产生于查理曼帝国的宫廷学校以及基督教会学院的一种基督教哲学。作为基督教哲学,经院哲学是罗马帝国时期教父学的继承和进一步发展,本质上就是神学。经院哲学运用理性形式,通过抽象的、烦琐的辩证方法论证基督教信仰,它的理论都是关于基督教的论证。“经院哲学是为教会服务的,因为它承认、论证和捍卫教会的原则。”那么这种服务于教会的经院哲学对欧洲的天主教究竟产生了哪些影响?本文拟就这一问题从以下几个方面作一个初步的探讨。The medieval European philosophy, namely, scholasticism, is essentially a Christian philosophy and theology. It had great influence upon medieval European Catholicism, Its influence was mainly displayed in three fields. In theology, scholasticism applied new methods in the proof and systematization of Christian faith In religious life,scholasticism established the Mary worship and promoted the development of remission activities. In the relationship between Church and State, scholasticism proved that the Catholic Church was superior to the State and provided it with a theoretical weapon to defeat secular kings.

关 键 词：托马斯·阿奎那 罗马天主教会 基督教哲学 中世纪 上帝 安瑟伦 基督教信仰 教父学 神学理论 罗马帝国 

分 类 号：C55[社会学]