海拉尔—塔木察格盆地凝灰质储层次生孔隙及碱交代作用  

Causes and effects of secondary porosity of tuffaceous reservoirs in Hailar-Tamsag basin

作　　者：孙先达[1,2,3] 李宜强[2] 崔永强[3] 张民志[3] 殷娇[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京昌平102249 [2]中国石油大学(北京)提高采收率研究院,北京昌平102249 [3]大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [4]大庆油田有限责任公司第二采油厂,黑龙江大庆163414

出　　处：《东北石油大学学报》2013年第5期32-41,128-129,共12页Journal of Northeast Petroleum University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51374221)

摘　　要：海拉尔—塔木察格盆地凝灰质储层次生孔隙成因为碱交代作用和流体致裂作用.碱交代作用以大规模碱性流体碱解和碱交代为核心特征;流体致裂作用包含构造流体压裂作用、流体泵压、引张溶蚀非平衡动力学作用.该地区经过多年勘探未发现常规砂岩储层,但在主体勘探目的层南屯组以下发现凝灰质类储层,在1 400~1 900m的次生孔隙储集空间主控油气藏,次生孔隙比例为40%~80%,在2 000m以下的次生孔隙比例大于90%,储集作用及空间格局与常规砂岩储层完全不同,溶蚀格局在常规砂岩中未见.伴随次生孔隙形成,凝灰质储层中发生大规模碱性溶解和交代现象,形成大量碱性成因标型矿物组合,如柯绿泥石、钠板石、碳钠铝石、方沸石、绿磷石、铈褐帘石、铁绿泥石等,呈现大规模碱性作用的次生孔隙成因控制格局,与此同时,发生天然构造流体致裂作用形成微裂缝.Alkaline metasomatism and fluid fracturing effect are the causes of secondary porosity of tuffaceous reservoirs in Hailar-Tamsag basin.The former has features of large-scale hydrolysis and metasomatism of alkaline fluid,and the latter includes the effect of tectonic fluid fracturing,fluid pump pressure,and non-equilibrium dynamics effects cited Tension corrosion.There is no progress over the years in looking for conventional sandstone reservoirs,but a major breakthrough in the tuffaceous reservoirs below the main exploration targets Nantun formation is achieved.Secondary pore space master reservoirs with the proportion of secondary porosity of 40%~80%at the depth of 1 400~1 900m,and more than 90%at the depth below 2 000m.The accumulation effect and space pattern are completely different from conventional sandstone reservoirs.Corrosion pattern is never seen in conventional sandstone.Secondary porosity formation of the tuffaceous reservoirs in this area is accompanied by occurrence of large-scale alkaline dissolution and metasomatism in rock mineral geochemical pHenomena,producing a large number of alkaline genesis typical mineral combinations including corrensite,sodium slate,carbon dawsonite,analcime,green pHospHorus stone,cerium allanite and iron chlorite,showing a large-scale alkaline effect for secondary porosity control pattern.At the same time,a large amount of produced natural tectonic fluid fracturing causes the formation of microfractures.

关 键 词：碱性溶解 碱交代作用 凝灰质储层 成因矿物学 凝灰质 海拉尔—塔木察格盆地 

分 类 号：TE55[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]