罗田板栗储存后期致腐真菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究  

Isolation and Identification of the Pathogenic Fungi in Rotted Chestnut from Luotian County in Later Storage Period and Research on the Pathogenicity

作　　者：李琳玲[1] 李政[1] 华娟 程华[1] 廖志琴[1,2] 程水源 唐青[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院化学与生命科学学院,湖北黄州438000 [2]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2013年第10期2305-2308,2314,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2010CBB03901);湖北省教育厅高校产学研合作资助项目(C2010060);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(2011BH0032)

摘　　要：为了研究罗田板栗(Castanea mollissima Bl.)储存过程中发生霉变的机理,从常温储存70 d后发生霉变的罗田板栗中分离其中的致腐真菌,经鉴定属于6个属,分别为束丝菌属(Ozonium sp.)、曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.)、镰刀菌属(Fusarium sp.)、根霉属(Rhiopus sp.)、青霉属(Penicillium sp.)、葡萄穗霉属(Stachybotrys sp.)。对分离率大于10%的致腐真菌进行回接试验。结果表明,在无伤接种的条件下,除了青霉属导致较低的霉变率和较轻的病症外,其余真菌均无致病力;在有伤接种的条件下,各菌株导致的霉变率都在60%以上且大部分表现出较重的病症,其中束丝菌属和曲霉属导致的霉变率在80%以上。试验结果证明,板栗在有伤情况下更易腐烂,束丝菌属和曲霉属是板栗贮藏期腐烂的重要致病菌。In order to discuss the mildewing mechanism of chestnut from Luotian county in the storage process,the strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated in rotted chestnut after seventy days’ storage at room temperature.6 genera of fungi were found in rotted chestnut through experimental identification,which were Ozonium sp.,Fusarium sp.,Aspergillus sp.,Penicillium sp.,Rhiopus sp.,and Stachybotrys sp.The reinoculation tests had been conducted on pathogenic fungi whose isolating rate was higher than 10%.The result showed that the rest genera of fungi generally had no pathogenicity except the Penicillium could infect non-injured chestnut with a lower rotted rate and lighter symptoms;but the rotted rate of strains was above 60% and they showed heavy symptoms on injured infection,among which the rotted rate of Ozonium sp.,Aspergillus sp.were higher than 80%.The experimental results showed that chestnut in the wound cases were more likely to rot.And Ozonium sp.,Aspergillus sp.are the important pathogenic fungi causing rotting when chestnuts are in the storage process.

关 键 词：板栗(Castanea mollissima Bl.) 致腐真菌 分离鉴定 致病力 罗田县 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]