绿洲灌区春小麦固定道垄作栽培对土壤氮素的影响  

Influences of Cultivation of Spring Wheat with Permanent Raised Bed on Soil Nitrogen in Oasis Irrigation Area

作　　者：雒淑珍[1] 马忠明[2] 赵继荣[1] 李彦荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农垦农业研究院,甘肃武威733006 [2]甘肃省农业科学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2013年第7期40-42,47,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：澳大利亚国际农业研究中心项目(SMCN/2002/094)

摘　　要：采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法,以当地农民常规的栽培模式为对照,对春小麦固定道垄作条件下土壤氮素状况及氮肥利用率进行了研究。结果表明:播前固定道垄作的0～10 cm土壤全氮含量较新型垄作和传统耕作处理分别高4.5%和1.9%;碱解氮含量则以新型垄作处理最高,固定道垄作处理次之。收后,0～30 cm土层,固定道垄作处理土壤全氮含量增加3.4%,碱解氮含量增加11.8%;氮肥利用率较平作免耕、新型垄作和传统耕作分别高0.3、6.9和5.8个百分点。固定道垄作可提高土壤氮含量和氮肥利用率,并能较好地贮藏和释放养分,为作物生长提供优良环境。Compared with local farmers’ conventional cultivation pattern,the situation of soil nitrogen and the nitrogen use efficiency under the conditions of cultivating spring wheat with permanent raised bed were researched using combination method of field experiment and laboratory analysis.Results showed that in the 0-10 cm of soil layer,before sowing,the total nitrogen content in soil with permanent raised bed increased by 4.5% and 1.9% compared with new ridge tillage and conventional tillage respectively,but available nitrogen content was the highest in new ridge tillage and followed by permanent raised bed.After harvest,the nitrogen content and the available nitrogen content in 0-30 cm of soil layer with permanent raised bed increased by 11.8% and 3.4%,respectivley;nitrogen use efficiency in permanent raised bed increased by 0.3 points,6.9 points and 5.8 points compared with flatten culture with no-tillage,new ridge tillage and conventional tillage.Therefore,permanent raised bed can improve the nitrogen content in soil and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer,it also can store and release nutrients better to provide a good environment for crop growth.

关 键 词：固定道垄作 土壤养分 春小麦 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]