Survey of the use by birds of various karst wetlands in southwestern Guangxi, southern China  

鸟类对广西西南部不同类型喀斯特湿地的利用(英文)

作　　者：舒晓莲[1] 陆舟[1] 杨岗[1] 蒙渊君 李肇天[1] 周放[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学与技术学院,南宁530005 [2]广西弄岗国家级自然保护区管理局,崇左532412

出　　处：《Chinese Birds》2013年第4期291-305,共15页中国鸟类（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30360012,31172123);the Forestry Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

摘　　要：The limestone area located in southwestern Guangxi in the south of China is part of a global biodiversity hotspot. As an important habitat of this limestone region, karst wetlands provide birds with necessary water conditions for their survival and reproduction. From 2007 to 2012, bird surveys were conducted in natural wetlands(pools, streams, springs and seasonal flows) in 14 nature reserves and 18 reservoirs in the limestone area of southwestern Guangxi. A total of 365 bird species were recorded in field investigations, including 103 water-dependent birds mainly seen in wetlands. Among these 103 birds, 10 species are globally threatened and 5 species have been placed under national key protection. The birds were selective in their use of the various types of karst wetlands. The number of bird species was the highest in pools and springs, with 304 and 266 respectively, followed by streams with 131 species. Reservoirs are the main wintering habitat for the large Natatores and in the rainy season the importance of seasonal flows is paramount. Seasonal changes in the utilization of karst wetlands by birds were obvious; the number of bird species in the dry season was much higher than during the rainy season. Bird migration and seasonal flows are the main reasons for seasonal variation in the number of water-dependent birds. These natural karst wetlands ensure the drinking water supply for more than 80% of the water-independent birds in the dry season. These karst wetlands are the wintering ground and stopover area for 58 species of migrant birds. At present, threats to the birds in the karst wetlands consist of illegal hunting, habitat changes and eucalyptus plantations. Karst wetlands are important for protecting biodiversity. More attention ought to be directed to these wetlands and protection efforts enhanced.广西西南石灰岩地区位于中国南部,是全球生物多样性热点地区之一,喀斯特湿地作为重要的生境之一,为石灰岩地区鸟类的生存和繁衍提供了必需的水源条件。从2007年至2012年,我们对广西西南石灰岩地区的14个自然保护区内的自然湿地(积水塘、露头处、出口泉、季节性水流)和18个水库进行了鸟类调查。采用野外调查的方法,共记录到鸟类365种,其中有103种是主要在湿地活动的水域依赖型鸟类。在这103种水域依赖型鸟类中,10种鸟类被列为全球受胁物种,5种鸟类为国家重点保护鸟类。鸟类对不同类型喀斯特湿地的利用有一定的选择性,在积水塘和出口泉分布的鸟类最多,分别有304和266种,其次是露头处,有131种。水库是大型越冬游禽的主要栖息地,而在雨季季节性水流的重要性也非常突出。此外,鸟类对喀斯特湿地利用状况的季节性变化也很明显,旱季鸟类种数远高于雨季。对于水域依赖型鸟类而言,候鸟迁徙和季节性水流是导致季节性变化的主要原因。在旱季80%以上的非水域依赖型鸟类靠喀斯特自然湿地保障饮水。喀斯特湿地是58种候鸟的越冬地和中途停歇地。目前对喀斯特湿地鸟类构成威胁的主要因素有非法狩猎,栖息地变化和桉树人工林的种植。喀斯特湿地在生物多样性保护上具有重要的意义,有必要加大对喀斯特湿地的关注度和保护力度。

关 键 词：karst wetlands limestone area BIRDS southwestern Guangxi conservation 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]