辽宁牛河梁第二地点一号冢21号墓发掘简报  

Tomb 21 of Mound 1 of Locality 2 at Niuheliang in Liaoning

作　　者：朱达[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省文物考古研究所

出　　处：《文物》1997年第8期9-14,100+2,共8页Cultural Relics

摘　　要：1989年秋季,辽宁省文物考古研究所牛河梁工作站在牛河梁红山文化第二地点积石冢的发掘过程中,发现一座较大型墓葬,遂即做了清理,墓葬顺序编号为89N Ⅱ Z1M21。Excavated in the fall of 1989,this quite large tomb of a vertical earthen shaft has a rectangular form,measuring 2.15m in length,0.53 m in width and 0.37m in depth. A stone coffin within it, laid with stone plates or blocks of varying thickness, is slightly bulging in the middle and narrower at two ends,with an everted mouth contracted into a smaller bottom. A male adult was found laid in a supine,stretching posture.Twenty pieces of funerary objects,all made of jade,are found placed on the body,being never disturbed before. There are ten discs,two double-discs as well as one diamond ornament, hoop, cloud-like ornament,tube,turtle,ornament in the shape of knotted bamboo, animal mask and bracelet. Of them,a plaque shows the front view of a dragon head which looks sublime and mystic. The greenish-blue turtle, with its feet invisible and its head shrunk,is neatly shaped. The two are something new in the Hongshan culture.The tomb is unrivaled by any other single Hongshan tomb in terms of the yield of jade articles. It seems that jade occupied an unusual position in the conceptual world of the Hongshan people, who used it to decorate their bodies and please their deities, and still brought it with them to the afterworld.

关 键 词：牛河梁 红山文化 墓葬 文物考古 孔径 基岩风化层 地点 竹节状 辽宁省 石棺墓 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]