第二次世界大战对中东的冲击  

THE IMPACT OF THE WORLD WAR Ⅱ ON THE MIDDLE EAST

作　　者：张润民 

出　　处：《西亚非洲》1988年第6期31-41,80,共12页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：第二次世界大战期间,中东是轴心国东向战略钳形攻势的中心,是大英帝国重要的后方战略基地和苏美英三大盟国联合作战的纽带,因而在二次大战中具有重要的战略地位。中东国家和人民尽管对英法战前的殖民政策积怨在胸,忿忿不平,但对于德意法西斯蹂躏欧洲大陆所有被征服国家与人民的残暴行为更是心有余悸。The people of the Middle East contributed a lot to anti-Fascist World WarⅡ which hit a big and deep impact to them as well. The war brought abouteconomic difficulties, political turbulence and various secial and cultural unrestto them. But it facilitated the development and mature of Arab nationalideas; helped Arab nationalists to emerge and grow; accelerated the steps ofnational liberation movement which began at a time shortly after the WorldWar Ⅰ, led some nations to gain indepedence to different extent. Beforethe lure of strategic situation and rich oil deposits, the monopolist status ofBritain and France in the Middle East was challenged by the USA and USSR,their former allies in the war. The war intensified the contention among thegreat powers in the Middle East, forming a Middle East Front of 'cold war'made by the east and west two great groups. Hence, the Middle East hasbecome one of the most startling 'hot regions' in the contemporary interna-tional politics.

关 键 词：第二次世界大战期间 二次大战 殖民政策 联合作战 大英帝国 战略基地 法西斯 轴心国 英法 阿拉伯民族主义 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系] F11[政治法律—政治学]