有、无精神障碍诊断的自杀未遂者的特征比较  

Comparison of The Characteristics of Attempted Suicides with or without Mental Disorders

作　　者：白爱萍[1,2] 张亚利[1] 李献云[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院北京心理危机研究与干预中心/世界卫生组织心理危机预防研究与培训合作中心,北京100096 [2]甘肃省天水市精神病医院,天水741000

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2012年第2期6-10,共5页Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：瑞典国际开发署(SIDA);美国自杀预防基金资助

摘　　要：目的 比较有、无精神障碍诊断的自杀未遂者的特征.方法 由精神科主治医生对综合医院急诊室收治的617例自杀未遂者及其家属进行调查,采用多因素logistic回归模型比较237例有精神障碍和380例无精神障碍诊断的自杀未遂者的特征.结果 有精神障碍诊断的自杀未遂者生命质量相对较低(调整OR:7.40,95％CI:4.58～11.97),自杀意图强(调整OR:2.96,95％CI:1.85～4.72),有自杀未遂史者更为常见(调整OR:2.71,95％CI:1.40～5.24),负性生活事件导致的慢性心理压力大(调整OR:2.03,95％CI:1.25～3.29);而无精神障碍诊断的自杀未遂者则较常采用口服农药的方式(调整OR:0.49,95％CI:0.28～0.84),自杀当时的急性应激强度高(调整OR:0.61,95％CI:0.38～0.99).结论 有、无精神障碍诊断的自杀未遂者的特征存在本质差异,有效预防两类自杀行为的发生应有针对性地采取不同的措施.0bjective To compare the characteristics of attempted suicides with or without a mental disorder in China．Methods Attending-1evel psychiatrists administered a 2-3 hour survey to 617 medically serious suicid e attempters and their accompanying family members identified in emergency rooms of twelve general hospitals in Central and Sout h-wes t er n Chi na. Measures employed in this study included an adapted version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM—IV the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale( FACES II-CV) ,a 6-item scale for quality-of-life，a 60-item scale for life events，and the Suicidal Intent Scale．Data for sociodemographic characteristics，the circumstances of current attempt and suicide-related factors were also collected．Multivariate logistic regression models were used to compare the characteristics of 237( 38％) attempted suicides with a current mental disorder to those of 380( 62％) without a mental disorder. Results More than seventy percent of the attempters were female，under 45 years of age，and lived in rural areas. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that attempters with a mental disorder were more li kely to have a lower quailty of life score in last month( Adjusted OR：7．40，95％CI：4．58～1 1．97)，higher suicide intent (Adjusted OR：2．96，95％CI：1．85~4．72)，previous suicide attempts (Adjusted OR：2．71，95％CI：1．40～5．24)，and a higher chronic stress score from negative life events (Adjusted OR：2．03．95％C，：1．25~3．29). However , attempters without a mental disorder were more likely to have ingested pesticides ( Adjusted OR：0．49，95％CI ：0．28~0．84) and have a higher acute stress score from negative life events at time of attempt (Adjusted OR：O．6 1， 95％CI ：0．38—0．99). Conclusions Suicide attempters in China with a mental disorder are fundamentally different fromt hose without a mental disorder．Targeted prevention strategies for these two groups of attempted suicides should be di

关 键 词：自杀未遂 精神障碍 综合医院 急诊室 

分 类 号：B846[哲学宗教—心理学]