问卷长度与作答型式的关系  

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LENGTH OF QUESTIONNAIRE AND RESPONSE STYLES

作　　者：赵志裕[1] 康萤仪[2] 

机构地区：[1]香港大学心理学系 [2]香港中文大学心理学系

出　　处：《心理学报》1988年第1期15-19,共5页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：从心理计量的观点来看,作答型式对心理测验及研究采用的问卷的信度和效度,均会构成严重威协。本文介绍了一些常见的作答型式及用来控制作答型式的传统统计方法。随后,我们指出由于这些传统统计方法都预先假定作答型式是稳定不变的,其效度便有疑问了;因为本文报告的研究证实了随着问卷长度的递增,作答型式会趋于刻板和不极端。因此,我们建议研究者在设计研究时,应尽量避免使用冗长的问卷。From the psychometric point of view, response styles are serious threatsto the reliability and validity of close-end psychological tests and question-naires. In this paper, we introduce some of the common response styles,and the statistical methods to control them. However, we argue that thesemethods are all inadequate because they are based on the strong assumptionthat response styles are stable. A study was conducted to investigatethe effect of the length of questionnaire on response styles. The resultsshowed that as the length of questionnaire increased, the subjects' respon-ses became less extreme, and more stereotyped. The implication of responseset instability in the conventional statistical control of response setswas discussed. We suggest that investigators avoid using lengthy question-naires in their research.

关 键 词：问卷 性格特征 型式 作答 统计方法 使用量 形容词 心理计量 心理测验 设计研究 

分 类 号：B[哲学宗教]