八十年来指南车的研究  

A Study of the South-Pointing Chariot for the Past 80 Years

作　　者：陆敬严[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》1984年第1期53-58,52-80,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：指南车,是祖国文化的瑰宝,是中国古代科技成果的杰出代表,早已引起国内外学术界的广泛重视。本世纪初,人们开始对指南车进行认真研究,迄今已历近八十年的发展过程。在此期间,不同观点此起彼伏、切磋补充、交相发展,形成了丰富多采的局面。这种活跃的学术空气非常可贵,但也使广大读者和后来的研究者不容易掌握情况。作者在收集与整理机械史料的过程中,已见到近二十种指南车传动系统推想图,反映出指南车研究上的一些不同观点和方法,同时这些也反映出在研究与宣传上都还存在一些问题。现谨对近八十年来的情况试加评述,可以帮助大家了解真相,使这项工作在已有的基础上继续前进。According to about twenty imaginary driving system drawings of the southpointing chariot, the author has summed there up into two schools: fixed axis system and differential gearing system. Each school has some different views. This article gives an introduction to those views and their history, presents brief comment on those scholars’ work.The author thinks that the fixed axis system has a scientific basis. So research work can be carried on three presented views on automatic clutch as well as on searching other possible automatic clutching devices. As to the differential gearing system, an endeavor should be made to get some basis from historical materials.There have been some incorrect descriptions of the south-pointing chariot, too many about differential gearing, and some imprecise words appeared in some articles. It would be misleading to suggest that the differential gearing was a new invention, and even that the research and reconstruction of the south-pointing chariot was just beginning. Such mistakes should not be allowed to recur.

关 键 词：指南车 不同观点 机械史 刘仙洲 发展过程 研究者 指南针 学术界 继续发展 古籍 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]