Foot strike patterns and hind limb joint angles during running in Hadza hunter-gatherers  

哈扎族采猎者跑步时脚着地模式和下肢关节角度（英文）

作　　者：Herman Pontzer Kelly Suchman David A.Raichlen Brian M.Wood Audax Z.P.Mabulla Frank W.Marlowe 

机构地区：[1]Department of Anthropology,Hunter College [2]City University of New York [3]New York Consortium for Evolutionary Primatology [4]Evolutionary Anthropology,Duke University [5]School of Anthropology,University of Arizona [6]Department of Anthropology,Yale University [7]Department of Archeology,University of Dar es Salaam [8]Department of Archaeology and Anthropology,University of Cambridge

出　　处：《Journal of Sport and Health Science》2014年第2期95-101,153+156,共7页运动与健康科学（英文）

基　　金：the National Science Foundation(BCS-0850815);Hunter College

摘　　要：Background:Investigations of running gait among barefoot and populations have revealed a diversity of foot strike behaviors,with some preferentially employing a rearfoot strike(RFS) as the foot touches down while others employ a midfoot strike(MFS) or forefoot strike(FFS).Here,we report foot strike behavior and joint angles among traditional Hadza hunter-gatherers living in Northern Tanzania.Methods:Hadza adults(n = 26) and juveniles(n = 14) ran at a range of speeds(adults:mean 3.4 ± 0.7 m/s,juveniles:mean 3.2 ± 0.5 m/s) over an outdoor trackway while being recorded via high-speed digital video.Foot strike type(RFS.MFS.or FFS) and hind limb segment angles at foot strike were recorded.Results:Hadza men preferentially employed MFS(86.7%of men),while Hadza women and juveniles preferentially employed RFS(90.9%and85.7%of women and juveniles,respectively).No FFS was recorded.Speed,the presence of footwear(sandals vs.barefoot),and trial duration had no effect on foot strike type.Conclusion:Unlike other habitually barefoot populations which prefer FFS while running.Hadza men preferred MFS.and Hadza women and juveniles preferred RFS.Sex and age differences in foot strike behavior among Hadza adults may reflect differences in running experience,with men learning to prefer MFS as they accumulate more running experience.背景:针对不同人群的赤脚跑相关步态研究显示脚着地行为的多样性:有人倾向于后脚跟先着地,也有人偏好中足部或前脚掌先着地。本文主要研究坦桑尼亚北部传统的哈扎族采猎者的脚着地行为和关节角度。方法:用高速数字录像机记录哈扎族中26名成年人和14名青少年在户外跑道上以特定速度(成人3.4±0.7m/s,青少年3.2±0.5m/s)跑步时的脚着地方式(后脚跟、中足部和前脚掌)和下肢角度。结果:哈扎族男性倾向于使用中足部着地(86.7%),而哈扎族女性和青少年更倾向于使用后脚跟着地(女性90.9%,青少年85.7%),未发现前脚掌着地的记录。跑步速度、穿鞋与否(凉鞋或赤脚)、试验持续时间对受试者脚着地方式无影响。结论:与其他惯用前脚掌着地的人群相比,哈扎族男性倾向于用中足部着地,女性和青少年则倾向于用后脚跟着地。哈扎族采猎者脚着地行为的性别和年龄差异可能反映出跑步经验的差异,男性倾向于中足部着地是因为他们积累了更多的跑步经验。

关 键 词：BAREFOOT BIOMECHANICS Foot strike FORAGING Running 

分 类 号：G822[文化科学—体育训练] G804.6[文化科学—体育学]