lncRNAs参与基因表达调控机制的研究进展  

Advances in regulation of gene expression mediated by lncRNAs

作　　者：杨倩[1] 黄宏斌[1,2] 龚朝建[1,3] 熊炜[1] 曾朝阳[1] 李桂源[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学肿瘤研究所,中南大学疾病基因组研究中心,卫生部癌变原理重点实验室,教育部癌变与侵袭原理重点实验室,长沙410078 [2]国防科技大学信息系统工程重点实验室,长沙410073 [3]中南大学湘雅二医院口腔科,长沙410011

出　　处：《中南大学学报（医学版）》2014年第1期91-95,共5页Journal of Central South University ：Medical Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30971147,81071644,81172189,81171930,81272255,81272297,81272298,91229122);湖南省自然科学基金(10JJ7003);霍英东高校青年教师基金(121036);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011JQ020);中南大学米塔尔学生创新创业项目(11MX27);中南大学贵重仪器设备开放共享基金及中南大学博士后科学基金资助项目~~

摘　　要：长链非编码RNAs(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)是一组内源性、长度超过200 nt、缺少特异完整的开放阅读框(open reading frame,ORF)、无或很少有蛋白编码功能的RNAs分子。近年来的研究发现,lncRNAs与许多重要的生物学过程相关,如基因组印记、细胞分化、免疫反应等。lncRNAs在表观遗传水平、转录水平和转录后水平等多个层面调节基因的表达,通过介导染色质重塑和组蛋白修饰、干扰转录、调节选择性剪接模式、生成小RNAs、调节蛋白质活性、改变蛋白质定位等方式,参与机体生长、发育、衰老及死亡等重要生命活动的调控。关于lncRNAs参与基因表达调控的机制有待进一步研究,这将有助于深入理解疾病的发病机制,为寻找疾病分子标记物、药物靶点提供新的方向。Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) are a group of endogenous RNA molecules which exceed 200 nt in length,lack complete specific open reading frame,and completely lack or possessvery limited protein-coding capacity.Recent studies have revealed that lncRNAs participate in critical processes such as genomic imprinting,cell differentiation,and immune reaction,etc.lncRNAs regulate gene expression at the epigenetic,transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels by modulating chromatin remodeling and histone modifications,interfering the transcription,regulating patterns of alternative splicing,generating small RNAs,and modulating protein activation and localization.Through their numerous functions,lncRNAs play critical roles in the growth,development,senescence,death,and other important physiological and pathological processes.Further investigation into the regulation of gene expression mediated by lncRNAs will be of great value in the thorough understanding of pathogenies and provide new molecular markers and drug targets of diseases.

关 键 词：lncRNAs 表观遗传调控 转录调控 转录后调控 

分 类 号：R346[医药卫生—基础医学]