论中国现代戏剧“两度西潮”的同与异  

The Difference between the "Two Western Influenoes on Modern Chinese Drama

作　　者：董健[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学 教授

出　　处：《戏剧艺术》1994年第2期8-15,共8页Theatre Arts

摘　　要：中国戏剧近百年来经历了两次重大变化。这种变化与以前历史上发生过的从宋元南戏、杂剧到明清传奇、从昆曲到京剧的变化不同,这是戏剧观念和戏剧美学体系的根本变化。第一次变化发生在“五四”前后的二十多年间,其结果是完成了中国戏剧从古典时期向现代时期的过渡。第二次变化发生在八十年代初至今的十多年间,至今还在延续中,其初步结果是形成了戏剧艺术的开放性、多元性格局,把戏剧现代化推向了一个新时期。两次变化均与西方戏剧的影响有关,故曰“两度西潮”。但“两度”相比,有同亦有异。其相异之点,含有深刻的历史教训。The Chinese operas have undergone two important changes for the last hundred years. But they are different from the previous changes in history —from the operas in Song and Yuan Dynashes to short stories .in Ming and Qing Dynasties and from Kun opera to Beijing opera. They have designated a fundaental change in both theatrical view point and theatrical aesthetics. The first change took place during the twenty years before and after 'May 4 Movement', thus completing the transition for the Chinese theatre and drama from the classic to the modern time. The second change occurred from the eighties up until now and it has resulted in a more open and multi-styled theatre, issuing a new era for modern theatre. The two changes are linked with the western theatre influences which are both similar and different. The difference carrirs more significance.

关 键 词：写实主义 中国现代戏剧 西方现代主义 西方戏剧 中国戏剧 中国传统戏曲 “荒诞派”戏剧 戏剧观念 左翼戏剧 戏剧艺术 

分 类 号：J809.2[艺术—戏剧戏曲]