铁路口岸旅检大厅空气质量状况调查  

Investigation on Status of Air Quality in Railway Port of a City

作　　者：罗皓[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院公共卫生学院

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2014年第1期35-38,共4页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的了解某市铁路口岸旅检大厅空气质量现状,为提高和改善口岸空气质量提供科学依据。方法对铁路口岸的2个旅检大厅各取4个点每月进行一次监测。监测指标包括温度、相对湿度、风速、一氧化碳(CO)、二氧化碳(CO2)、甲醛、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、空气细菌总数、噪声、照度。结果温度监测均值超过卫生标准,部分监测点的相对湿度、噪声、照度超过国家卫生标准,超标率分别为38.54%、15.62%、11.46%。入境厅CO浓度均值高于出境厅,噪声低于出境厅,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。春季平均温度高于其它季节,且夏秋季高于冬季;春季监测的相对湿度最高,春夏秋冬4个季节依次降低;春夏季平均风速均高于秋冬季;春季甲醛平均浓度高于夏秋冬季;春夏季的PM10平均浓度分别高于秋冬季,且秋季低于冬季;冬季噪声平均值低于春夏秋季;春夏季平均照度低于秋冬季节,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论温度、相对湿度、噪声、照度是铁路口岸需要重视的空气卫生问题。Objectives To investigate the status of air quality in the passenger waiting hall of railway port so as to provide scientific evidence and reasonable suggestion for improving the air quality in railway port. Methods Two halls were selected and 4 points of each hall were monitored once a month for one year. Monitoring indices were air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, carbon monoxide( CO), carbon dioxide( CO2), formaldehyde,inhalable particulate matter( PM10),total count of bacteria colony,noise and illumination intensity. Results Average air temperature exceeded the national standard limits. The relative humidity,noise and illumination intensity in some monitoring sites exceeded the national standard limits,with an unqualified rate of 38. 54%,15. 62% and 11. 46% respectively. The concentration of CO in entry halls was higher than that in departure halls,while noise in entry halls was lower than that in departure halls( P < 0. 05). The air temperature in the spring was higher than that in other seasons,while the air temperature in the winter was lower than that in the summer and autumn( P < 0. 05). The relative humidity in spring was the highest and decreased gradually in summer,autumn and winter. The wind speed in spring and summer was higher than that in autumn and winter. The concentration of formaldehyde was significantly higher in spring than that in summer,autumn and winter. The concentration of PM10was lower in autumn and winter than that in spring and summer,and it was higher in winter than that in autumn. The noise was found lower in winter than that in other times,and the illumination intensitywas lower in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter. Conclusions Air temperature,relative humidity,noise and illumination intensity should be taken as important indices for assessing the air quality in railway ports.

关 键 词：铁路口岸 空气质量 调查 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]