洋山港航道疏浚泥溶出液对鱼类胚胎、仔鱼的毒性效应  

Toxicity of Eluates from Dredged Sediment to Fish Embryo and Larva from the Channel of Yangshan Harbor

作　　者：沈新强[1] 沈盎绿[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部东海与远洋渔业资源开发利用重点实验室中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第1期43-48,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：上海市科委科研计划项目(12231203403);国家973计划项目(2010CB429005)

摘　　要：为了解洋山港航道疏浚对海洋鱼类早期阶段的影响,通过对工程海域3个取样点疏浚泥的取样分析,应用环境质量综合评价法和毒理学方法,评价了洋山港航道疏浚泥溶出液对鱼类胚胎、仔鱼的毒性效应。结果表明:工程海域疏浚泥溶出液质量存在较明显差异,以3号点疏浚泥溶出液质量相对最好,1号点次之,2号点最差。3个取样点疏浚泥溶出液对黑棘鲷胚胎孵化率的影响不明显,但对仔鱼具有明显毒性效应。在高浓度组,1号、2号和3号点黑棘鲷仔鱼48 h的死亡率分别为25.46%、29.81%和14.76%,大黄鱼仔鱼48 h的死亡率分别为20%、40%和20%;在次高浓度组,1号、2号和3号点黑棘鲷仔鱼48 h的死亡率分别为15.41%、22.38%和9.45%,大黄鱼仔鱼48 h的死亡率分别为20%、20%和15%。大黄鱼仔鱼的死亡率略大于黑棘鲷仔鱼。疏浚泥溶出液浓度与仔鱼死亡率之间具有显著正相关关系,2号点疏浚泥溶出液毒性最大,1号点次之,3号点最小。In order to assess the impacts of dredging activities on early life of fishes in the channel zones of Yangshan harbor, a 48 h acute toxicity test on the embryo and larva of Acanthopagrus schlegelii and larva of Larmichthys crocea was conducted using the eluates from dredged sediments from three sites of dredging zones. Chemical analyses showed that water quality of eluates from the site 3 was the best, but the worst from the site 2. The eluates from all three sites had no significant influences on hatching rates of A. schlegelii embryos, but showed acute toxicity to the larvas. In the group with highest concentrations, the 48 h mortality of A. schlegelii larvas was 14.76%, 25.46%, and 29.81%, and that of L. crocea larvas was 20%, 20%, and 40% for the site 3, 1, and 2, respectively. In the middle concentration group, the 48h mortality of A. schlegelii larvas was 9.45%, 15.41%, and 22.38%, and that of L. crocea larvas was 15%, 20%, and 20% for the site 3, 1 and 2, respectively. The mortality was slightly higher for L. crocea larvas than A. schlegelii larvas, and was significantly positively correlated with eluate concentrations. The results indicate dredged sediments from the site 2 has the highest toxicity to fishes and the least from the site 3.

关 键 词：疏浚泥 溶出液 鱼类胚胎和仔鱼 毒性效应 洋山港航道 

分 类 号：S941[农业科学—水产养殖]