岱海沉积物中AVS-SEM分布特征及重金属生物有效性研究  

Distribution of Acid Volatile Sulfide and Simultaneously Extracted Metals and Bioavailability of Heavy Metals in Sediments from Lake Daihai

作　　者：楠定其其格 何江[1,2,3] 吕昌伟[2,3] 都达古拉[2] 张京[2] 李传镇[2] 郭霞 侯兆洁 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]内蒙古大学环境与资源学院,呼和浩特010021 [3]内蒙古大学环境地质研究所,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2014年第1期155-161,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40863003;41163006)

摘　　要：以内蒙古的岱海为研究对象,分析了表层及柱状沉积物中酸可挥发性硫化物(AVS)、同步提取金属(SEM)的含量及重金属总量ΣSEM,并对沉积物重金属潜在生态风险进行了初步评价。研究表明:表层沉积物中AVS含量范围为2.72~98.49μmol·g-1(平均值为21.71μmol·g-1),水平分布上表现出自北西向南东逐渐增加的趋势;ΣSEM含量范围为6.99~22.51μmol·g-1(平均值为15.51μmol·g-1),水平分布上表现出自南东向北西逐渐增加趋势。沉积柱芯中,AVS含量的变化范围为4.20~114.91μmol·g-1(平均值为31.55μmol·g-1),不同沉积柱芯中AVS垂向分布波动较大;沉积柱芯中酸提取ΣSEM范围为7.67~21.10μmol·g-1(平均值为15.38μmol·g-1),ΣSEM含量与AVS相比几乎恒定。表层沉积物中ΣSEM/AVS】1的站位(1、2、3、5、10和12)较多,表明岱海表层沉积物中重金属存在产生生物毒性的可能性;表层和柱芯沉积物中Cd、Hg和As不会对水生生物产生毒性效应,Cu、Pb和Zn有对底栖生物产生毒性效应的可能,应给予相应重视。Heavy metals in lake sediments have long-term potential risks to the environment. In this paper, the concentrations of acid volatile sulfide(AVS)and simultaneously extracted metals(SEM)were analyzed and the potential ecological risks of heavy metals evaluated in the sediment samples from Lake Daihai. The AVS concentrations ranged from 2.72 μmol·g-1to 98.49 μmol·g-1with an average of 21.71 μmol·g-1, increasing from northwest to southeast in horizontal distribution; the ΣSEM concentrations varied from 6.99 μmol·g-1to 22.51 μmol·g-1with a mean of 15.51 μmol·g-1, showing an increase from southeast to northwest. The AVS and ΣSEM concentrations in the sediment cores ranged from 4.20 μmol·g-1to 114.91 μmol·g-1and 7.67~21.10 μmol·g-1, respectively, with greater variation in AVS than in ΣSEM concentrations. The ratios of ΣSEM/AVS were higher than 1 in the surface sediments from DH-1, DH-2, DH-3, DH-5, DH-10 and DH-12 sites, indicating potential ecological risks of heavy metals to aquatic organism at these sites. Cd, Hg and As in the surface sediments and sediment cores might not, but Cu, Pb and Zn might have toxicity to aquatic organisms.

关 键 词：酸可挥发性硫化物 同步提取金属 沉积物 岱海 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]