不同产区郏县红牛生态差异性分析  

Analysis of Different Ecological Types of Jiaxian Red Cattle in Different Areas

作　　者：江燕[1] 傅彤[1] 廉红霞[1] 钟晓琳[1] 翟磊[1] 高腾云[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2014年第1期46-55,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-37)

摘　　要：为探究同一品种在不同产区生态类型间的差异,本研究利用微卫星分子标记和形态学标记相结合的方法对不同产区郏县红牛的生态类型进行研究。结果表明,19个微卫星位点在3个群体中多态性均较好,且各遗传参数均较高,说明其品种内遗传变异较丰富。将各遗传参数进行方差分析,结果显示,3个不同产区的差异与其地理分布有较大的关系,郏县红牛在河南省丰富的生态条件下分化出了独有的生态型。Nei氏标准遗传距离和聚类分析表明,中心产区郏县红牛群体与保种场群体的遗传距离最小,亲缘关系较近,首先聚在一起,然后两者再与边缘产区群体聚合;这与3个产区的生态地理分布是一致的,说明地理距离与遗传距离间具有较强的正相关性。各体尺指标对比显示,中心产区与边缘产区在各方面体尺特征上均高于保种场,其中以中心产区为最大;从生态类型上来看,地理因素和生产环境是影响郏县红牛体尺指标差异的重要原因。毛色与角型统计结果显示,各产区群体在外貌上均有细微差异,但都能代表郏县红牛较为本色的外形特征。研究表明,不同产区郏县红牛的表型差异与分子遗传基础的差异是一致的,证明了这一地方生态品种的稳定性。In order to explore the ecological type difference between the same breeds in different areas,the ecological types of Jiaxian Red cattle in different areas was studied by the combination of microsatellite markers and morphological markers.The results showed that the 19 microsatellite loci were all with higher polymorphic and genetic parameters,which suggested that there was greater genetic variation within the breeds.The genetic parameters variance analysis indicated that the difference of genetic diversity was closely related to geographical distribution in each group.The Jiaxian Red cattle had the unique ecological types under the rich ecological conditions of Henan province.The Nei's standard genetic distance and cluster analysis results showed that the genetic distance were minimum between the center areas and preservation field of Jiaxian Red cattle populations and had a close relationship,so the two populations were gathered together firstly,and then the two populations were aggregated with the edge region populations.The strong positive correlationship between geographic distance and genetic distance were found.The comparison between body size indexes indicated that the body size parameters were smaller in the conservation field population than that in the populations in central and edge areas,in which the central area was the biggest one.The geographical factors and production environment had an important influence on the body size indexes.The statistical results of hair color and angle type showed that each region had subtle differences in Jiaxian Red cattle populations in appearance,but all of populations had the intrinsic characteristics of the pure Jiaxian Red cattle.The results indicate that the phenotypic differences are consistent with molecular genetic basis of Jiaxian Red cattle in different areas,which prove the stability of the local ecological breeds.

关 键 词：郏县红牛 不同产区 微卫星标记 形态学标记 生态类型 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]