新疆暗腹雪鸡胃肠道需氧菌群种类与分布  

The Study on the Type and Distribution of Aerobic Bacteria in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Teraogallus himalayensis in Xinjiang

作　　者：马雪连 姜玲玲[1] 王金泉[1] 张晓红[1] 姚刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2014年第6期1024-1028,共5页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区普通高校基础兽医学重点学科科研启动项目资助

摘　　要：暗腹雪鸡是中国珍贵的野生禽类物种,在中国主要分布在西北海拔2 000m以上的高原地区。本研究采用全自动微生物分析仪和16SrRNA序列分析相结合的方法对4只暗腹雪鸡胃肠道需氧菌的种类与分布进行初步调查。从胃肠道分离纯化出3种需氧菌(肠杆菌、葡萄球菌、肠球菌),共37株,经过鉴定后得出:肠杆菌20株,葡萄球菌7株以及肠球菌10株。所测定3种需氧菌在胃肠道内的数量分布情况:嗉囊21.62%,腺胃18.92%,十二指肠16.22%,回肠18.92%,盲肠24.32%。回肠和盲肠内缺乏葡萄球菌的分布。这一特点可能与暗腹雪鸡特殊生境及食性特点有关。本研究为暗腹雪鸡胃肠道微生态学研究和雪鸡的人工驯养繁殖提供了基础资料。Tetraogallus himalayensis is one of precious species of wild birds,which habitat mostly in the northwest plateau region at the altitude above 2 000meters in China.In this study,the type and distribution of aerobic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of Teraogallus himalayensis was investigated by bacterial identification system combined with 16SrRNA sequencing analysis.Results showed that 37strains of aerobic bacteria,categorized in 3types,namely,Enterobacteriaceae,Staphylococcus and Enterococcus,were isolated and purified from the gastrointestinal tract of Teraogallus himalayensis by the method of differential medium culture.Following the identification,there were 20strains of Enterobacteriaceae,7strains of Staphylococcus and 10strains of Enterococcus.The distribution of 3types of aerobic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract was counted for 21.62%in the crop,18.92%in the proventriculus,16.22%in the duodenum,18.92%in the ileum and 24.32%in the cecum,respectively.There were lack of Staphylococcusin the ileum and cecum.The characteristics of the types and distribution of the aerobic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of Tetraogallus himalayensis could be related to its specific eating property and habitat in plateau areas.The paper provides basic data for the gastrointestinal micro ecology study of Tetraogallus himalayensis and its domestication and breeding.

关 键 词：暗腹雪鸡 需氧菌群 肠杆菌 肠球菌 葡萄球菌 

分 类 号：S865[农业科学—野生动物驯养]