一个区域海-气耦合模式的建立:模式验证及其对热带气旋“云娜”的模拟  

A REGIONAL AIR-SEA COUPLED MODEL: VERIFICATION AND SIMULATION ON TYPHOON RANANIM

作　　者：黄伟[1,2] 郑运霞[1,2] 沈淇 于润玲[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局台风数值预报重点实验室,上海200030 [2]中国气象局上海台风研究所,上海200030 [3]上海河口海岸科学研究中心,上海201201

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2014年第3期5-14,443,共10页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划;2013CB430300号和2009CB421500号;公益性行业(气象)科研专项GYHY201206011号和GYHY201106004号

摘　　要：本文以区域热带气旋模式(GRAPES-TCM)为基础,引入海洋环流模式(Estuarine,Coastal and Ocean Model(semi-implicit),ECOM-si)和Ocean Atmosphere Sea Ice Soil 3(OASIS3)耦合器,建立了一个区域海-气耦合模式。利用该模式对0414号热带气旋"云娜"进行了数值模拟,验证了模式的性能。结果表明,耦合模式模拟的"云娜"强度相比单独的大气模式更接近观测,单独大气模式模拟的近地面风场偏强,而耦合模式模拟的近地面风场的强度和非对称结构均与观测更为接近。数值实验中,"云娜"热带气旋过境引起的海表面温度的下降与实况接近,海表面温度下降引起的海-气热通量相比控制实验的结果明显下降,分析资料表明这一下降是合理的。海洋模式的引入导致了热带气旋"云娜"结构的变化,这种变化不但反应在径向风的减弱(强度下降),还反应在对流强度和最强对流发生位置的变化,并最终引起了热带气旋降水结构的改变。Based on a regional tropical cyclone model GRAPES-TCM,ECOM-si ocean circulation model and OASIS coupler,a regional air-sea coupled model is constructed.Using the model's simulation results on the tropical cyclone Rananim,the performance of air-sea coupled model was verified.The results show that intensity of Rananim simulated by coupled model is more accurate than that by single atmospheric model.The single atmospheric model simulates more intense surface wind while the intense and asymmetric structure of surface wind field is much close to the observation.In the coupled experiment,the decreasing of sea surface temperature caused by tropical cyclone Rananim is very close to the observation.The decline of SST weakens the air-sea heat flux than that of atmospheric model that is much close to analysis heat flux.The adoption of the ocean model causes the change of the structure of Rananim including the weakening of tangential wind and the location of most intense convection that leads to the change of precipitation structure of typhoon.

关 键 词：热带气旋强度 耦合模式 实验模拟 耦合器 模式验证 控制实验 区域海 海洋模式 地面风场 模式模拟 

分 类 号：P7[天文地球—海洋科学] P9