Time amplifying techniques towards atomic time resolution  

作　　者：LI JingZhen Institute of Photonic Engineering,College of Electron Science&Technology,Shenzhen University,and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro·Nano Photonic Information,Shenzhen 518060,China 

出　　处：《Science China(Technological Sciences)》2009年第12期3425-3446,共22页中国科学（技术科学英文版）

基　　金：Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.60477042 and 60127501)

摘　　要：High speed imaging technology has opened applications in many fields,such as collision,detonating, high voltage discharge,disintegration and transfer of phonon and exciton in solid,photosynthesis primitive reaction,and electron dynamics inside atom shell.In principle,all of the transient processes need to be explained theoretically and,at the same time,the time amplifying technique is required for observations of these processes.The present review concerns the atomic time amplifying mechanism of optical information and the extremely-high speed imaging methods,which are expressed in terms of the short time amplifying techniques.It is well-known that for extremely-high speed imaging with the converter tube,the temporal resolution is in the order of sub-picosecond of the streak imaging,and the imaging frequency is 6×10 8 ―5×10 9 fps(frame per second)of the frame imaging.On the other hand,for the tubeless extremely-high speed imaging,the imaging frequency is 10 7 ―10 14 fps,and its mechanism of forming high speed and framing could involve a lot of factors of the light under investigation,for instance,light speed,light parallelism,the parameters of light wave such as amplitude,phase,polari- zation and wavelength,and even quantum properties of photon.In the cascaded system of electro- magnetic wave and particle wave,it is possible to simultaneously realize extremely-high resolution in time and space,which is higher than a kite resolution.Then it would be possible to break the limit of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation of the optical frequency band.High speed imaging technology has opened applications in many fields, such as collision, detonating, high voltage discharge, disintegration and transfer of phonon and exciton in solid, photosynthesis primitive reaction, and electron dynamics inside atom shell. In principle, all of the transient processes need to be explained theoretically and, at the same time, the time amplifying technique is required for observations of these processes. The present review concerns the atomic time amplifying mechanism of optical information and the extremely-high speed imaging methods, which are expressed in terms of the short time amplifying techniques. It is well-known that for extremely-high speed imaging with the converter tube, the temporal resolution is in the order of sub-picosecond of the streak imaging, and the imaging frequency is 6×108?5×109 fps (frame per second) of the frame imaging. On the other hand, for the tubeless extremely-high speed imaging, the imaging frequency is 107?1014 fps, and its mechanism of forming high speed and framing could involve a lot of factors of the light under investigation, for instance, light speed, light parallelism, the parameters of light wave such as amplitude, phase, polarization and wavelength, and even quantum properties of photon. In the cascaded system of electromagnetic wave and particle wave, it is possible to simultaneously realize extremely-high resolution in time and space, which is higher than a kite resolution. Then it would be possible to break the limit of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation of the optical frequency band.

关 键 词：TIME amplification image converter tube IMAGING TUBELESS IMAGING ultra-high SPEED IMAGING extremely-high SPEED IMAGING holog- raphic coherent SHUTTER optical acceleration 

分 类 号：O562[理学—原子与分子物理]