美国的行政程序法和廉政建设  

The Enactment of Administrative Procedure Act of 1946 and the Building of an Honest Government in the U.S.

作　　者：马国泉 

机构地区：[1]美国洛杉矶加利福尼亚州州立大学

出　　处：《学术前沿》2012年第6期88-94,共7页Frontiers

摘　　要：美国国会于1946年通过的行政程序法,目的在于防止美国行政系统一支独大,演变成脱离三权分立为基本构架的政治体系,成为不受美国宪法制约的第四权力部门。其强调的政府运作透明、公众参与以及司法复审,在相当程度上保障了美国百姓的基本权利,推动了美国廉政建设的步伐。然而,权力的腐蚀,对利益的追逐,驱使政府官僚利用该法的某些条文,千方百计藏匿情资。实践证明,落实廉政建设,要有行政程序法,更要有信息自由和阳光政治。Administrative Procedure Act was passed unanimously by the U.S.Congress in 1946.The APA was designed to avoid power-abusing government agencies that threaten to become a fourth branch of government,outside of the Constitution.By emphasizing the transparency of government operations,public participation,and judicial review,APA has guaranteed the basic rights of the American people and contributed to the building of an honest government in the United States to a certain degree.However,corrupted by power and driven by bureaucratic interests,government officials still can use or misuse the document to serve their own purposes.As illustrated by the history since the enactment of APA,the building of an honest government requires not only APA but also freedom of information and sunshine politics.

关 键 词：行政程序法 政府运作透明 公众参与 司法复审 廉政建设 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD915.4D771.2