微铣刀刀刃轨迹预测模型及影响因素分析  

Prediction Model of Micromill Flute Trajectories and Analysis on Their Effects

作　　者：王晋生[1,2] 巩亚东[1] GABRIEL Abba 史家顺[1] 蔡光起[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学先进制造与自动化实验室,沈阳110004 [2]梅兹大学机械制造与控制实验室,法国梅兹57045

出　　处：《纳米技术与精密工程》2009年第5期451-458,共8页Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering

基　　金：中国985-Ⅱ科技创新平台基金资助项目;东北大学优秀博士论文课题基金资助项目(200705);法国教育科研部和法国洛林省议会基金资助项目

摘　　要：微铣削是一种柔性很强的微加工方法,可对多种材料进行微器件的加工.但由于微铣刀具有独特的几何特征,微铣削时的刀刃轨迹与传统意义上的铣削刀刃轨迹有明显区别.针对2刃微铣刀,开发了一个考虑刀具回转误差和转子振动效应的刀刃轨迹预测模型,并分析了其对加工过程的影响.同时提出了一种基于刀柄测量结果,计算刀尖回转误差和刀具装夹不平衡量的方法.将这两个结果输入刀刃轨迹模型后,可以准确地预测刀尖中心和两个刀刃的轨迹,并以此来计算即时切屑厚度、切削力、铣槽宽度(加工误差)和表面质量.实验结果很好地验证了模型的预测.分析结果表明,在微铣削过程中,单刃切削经常发生;刀刃角和进给角这两个模型参数对加工误差和刀具磨损非常重要,刀刃角的最优值为±90°,进给角可根据加工要求进行选择.Micromilling is a universal micromanufacturing method,which can be used to fabricate the micro components on many materials.However,in the micromilling operation,due to the special geometric features of the micromill,its flute trajectories are obviously different from those of the common mills.A model considering the tool rotation error and rotor vibration influences was developed to predict the tool flute trajectories and their effects.And based on the tool shank measurement results,a new method was proposed to calculate the tool tip rotation error and tool unbalance as the inputs of the trajectories model.The model can predict the trajectories of the tool tip center and of each flute exactly and can calculate the chip thickness,cutting force,slot width(machining error) and surface quality.The experimental results conform well to the model predictions.The analysis results show that single flute cutting often occurs in the micromilling process.Two parameters,flute angle and feed angle,are important to the machining error and tool wear.The optimal flute angle is±90° and the feed angle can be determined according to the machining requirements.

关 键 词：微铣削 刀刃轨迹 回转误差 单刃切削 

分 类 号：TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]