保护性耕作对土壤水分和小麦产量的影响  

Effects of conservation tillage on soil moisture and wheat yield

作　　者：赵小蓉[1] 赵燮京[1] 陈先藻 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610066 [2]盐亭县农业局,绵阳621600

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2009年第S1期6-10,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B15);四川省现代农业示范工程专项(2007Z06-30);四川省公益性项目(NY2007001);农业部跨越计划(2006跨25)

摘　　要：采用3种稻田保护性耕作栽培模式与传统栽培模式的定位试验,对成都平原稻田小麦季的土壤水分及产量进行了研究。结果表明:小麦全生育期,免耕覆盖处理的土壤含水率明显地高于翻耕覆盖处理,而翻耕不覆盖处理最差;小麦分蘖高峰期,覆盖处理的土壤含水率比不覆盖处理高17.7%～75.9%,免耕覆盖处理的土壤含水率比翻耕覆盖处理高12.7%～41.0%;免耕覆盖处理的小麦最高茎蘖数又比翻耕覆盖处理增加23.8%～72.3%,均极显著优于翻耕处理;覆盖处理的小麦产量比不覆盖处理增产6.3%～19.5%,免耕覆盖处理比翻耕覆盖处理增产3.2%～8.0%。稻田保护性耕作有利于提高成都平原区小麦产量。The soil moisture and wheat yields in paddy field of Chengdu plain area during the wheat season were investigated by the location tests for three different kinds of conservation tillage and conventional tillage.The results showed that during the whole growth period of wheat,the non-tillage straw covering farming method increased markedly soil water content than the tillage straw covering farming method,and the soil water content in the tillage non-straw covering farming treatment was the lowest.At the peak of the wheat tillering stage,the soil water contents of the farmlands treated by straw covering were 17.7%to 75.9%higher than those of the farmlands treated by non-straw covering.The soil water contents of the farmlands treated by non-tillage straw covering farming were 12.7%to 41.0% higher than those of the farmlands treated by tillage straw covering farming.In addition,the tillering numbers of the wheat treated by non-tillage straw covering farming method were 23.8%to 72.3%higher than those of the wheat treated by tillage farming method.Furthermore,the wheat yields in straw covering farming treatments were 6.3%to 19.5% higher than in non-straw covering farming treatments,and the wheat yields in non-tillage straw covering farming treatments were 3.2%to 8.0%higher than those in tillage straw covering farming treatments.The conservation tillage in paddy field was beneficial to improve the wheat yield in Chengdu plain area.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 土壤水分 小麦产量 稻田 成都平原 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]